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Tissue expansion

46 bytes added, 16:38, 27 December 2021
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wikify skin
'''Tissue expansion''' is a technique used by plastic, maxillofacial, and reconstructive surgeons to cause the body to grow additional [[skin]], bone, or other tissues.<ref name="whyitworks2021">{{REFweb
|url=https://www.phimostretch.com/blogs/news/phimosis-stretching-why-it-works
|title=Phimosis -Why stretching totally works (Science explained) -Phimostretch
==Skin expansion==
[[Skin ]] expansion is a common surgical procedure to grow extra [[skin ]] through controlled mechanical overstretch.<ref name="whyitworks2021" /> It creates [[skin ]] that matches the color, texture, and thickness of the surrounding tissue, while minimizing scars and eliminating risk of rejection.
When [[skin ]] is stretched beyond its physiological limit, mechanotransduction pathways are activated. This leads to cell growth as well as to the [[Mitosis| formation of new cells]].<ref name="whyitworks2021" />
The growth of tissue is permanent, but will contract to some degree when the tension is removed.
=== Mechanics of skin expansion ===
[[Stretching]] the [[skin ]] beyond normal expansion invokes several mechanotransduction pathways which increase [[mitosis| mitotic]] activity and promote collagen synthesis.<ref name="whyitworks2021" /> As a result, the [[skin ]] surface area increases.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Zöllner
|first=Alexander M.
====A word to intact teens====
Boys are born with a [[foreskin]] that is non-retractable for reasons of protection. The inner surface is fused with the [[glans penis]] by a [[synechia]] (similar to a fingernail that is glued to the nail bed of the finger). Also the tip of the foreskin is too narrow to retract. As a boy gets older, the synechia disintegrates and releases the foreskin and the foreskin gets wider as a boy ages, so the foreskin gradually becomes [[Retraction of the foreskin| retractable]]. Some boys go through puberty but find that their [[foreskin]] is still too narrow to permit retraction.
Beaugé (1997) reported that boys, who masturbate by pulling their foreskin away from the body, will not stretch the tight part of the foreskin so non-retractile foreskin will persist. He advised changing the method of [[masturbation]] to the more conventional method of pulling the foreskin toward the body so that the narrow orifice get stretched.<ref name="beauge1997" />
===Foreskin restoration===
Tissue expansion has also been used for the technique of non-surgical [[foreskin restoration]], which applies tension externally using specialized devices and/or manual stretching to replace circumcised tissues with newly expanded residual shaft [[skin]].<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Radovan
|init=C
}}</ref>
Non-surgical tissue expansion techniques can expand one's surviving penile [[skin]], making it a longer tube so it can function like a [[foreskin]].<ref name="collier2011">{{REFjournal
|last=Collier
|first=Roger
|DOI=10.1503/cmaj.109-4009
|accessdate=
}}</ref> Men who have been circumcised stretch and apply tension to their shaft and foreskin remnants to expand and elongate tissue in efforts to produce a functional foreskin. This form of tissue expansion can take years, as the amount of [[skin ]] growth required is typically around 15 square inches.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=http://www.noharmm.org/snip.htm
|title=Not a "Snip," But 15 Square Inches
|format=
|quote=
}}</ref> This process does not regenerate or restore the function of the [[frenulum]] or the [[ridged band]]. It does, however, typically involve growing more shaft [[skin ]] and [[preputial mucosa]], which serves to moisten and protect the [[glans penis|glans]]. Men who have restored their foreskin typically notice increased sensitivity and dekeratinization of the glans.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=http://www.cirp.org/pages/restore.html
|title=Foreskin restoration for circumcised men
===Excessive circumcision===
Men who have been circumcised sometimes report that there is not enough [[skin ]] left to allow full erection of the [[penis]], so the penis is shorter than before [[circumcision]]. They may also experience tight, painful erections. In such cases, tissue expansion may help to get full length and relieve pain during erection.
===Short natural foreskins===
{{SEEALSO}}
 
* [[Basics of foreskin restoration]]
* [[Foreskin restoration]]
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