Changes

The [[Prepex]] device works by clamping the [[foreskin ]] so that it is starved for blood, dies and falls off. In two cases observed during testing in Kenya the necrotic foreskin interfered with [[urination]]. This can occur only when medical personnel use the Prepex device to do a [[circumcision ]] so it is appropriately classifiei classified as [[iatrogenic]]. The PrePex was withdrawn from the market in 2019.

==Circumcision has been promoted by the corrupt [[World Health Organization]] to does not prevent female to male [[HIV]] infection, however two large scale population studies have found circumcision to be totally ineffective at preventing HIV infection:==

# Mayan et al=== Population-based studies ==={{Population-based studies}} ===Two African surveys=== The previously reported studies were from developed Western nations. (2021) carried out a massive empirical study of Now we have information from Sub_Saharan Africa. French scientist [[Michel Garenne]], Ph.D. has published two reports in 2022 comparing the male population incidence of the province of Ontario, [[CanadaHIV]] infection in [[circumcised]] and [[intact]] (569men. In his first report, Garenne presented the findings from a study in Lesotho,950 males)the enclave in South Africa. He reported:<blockquote>In couple studies, the effect of whom 203circumcision and VMMC on HIV was not significant,588 (35with similar transmission from female to male and male to female. The study questions the amount of effort and money spent on VMMC in Lesotho.7%) were circumcised <ref name="garenne2022A">{{REFjournal |last=Garenne |first=Michel |init=M |author-link=Michel Garenne |title=Changing relationships between 1991 HIV prevalence and 2017circumcision in Lesotho |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35373731/ |date=2022-04-04 |journal=J Biosoc Sci |volume=online ahead of print |pages=1-16 |DOI=10.1017/S0021932022000153 |pubmedID=35373731 |accessdate=2022-11-07}}</ref> </blockquote>  In his second report, Garenne (2022) presented information from six Sub-Saharan African nations (Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe). The study concluded He reported:<blockquote> "Results matched earlier observations made in South Africa that circumcision status is not related to risk [[circumcised]] and [[intact]] men had similar levels of HIV infection."<ref name="mayan2021garenne2022B">{{REFjournal |last=MayanGarenne |first=MadhurMichael

|title=Circumcision Age-incidence and Risk prevalence of HIV Among Males From Ontario, Canadaamong intact and circumcised men: an analysis of PHIA surveys in Southern Africa |trans-title= |language= |journal=J UrolBiosoc Sci |location= |date=20212022-0910-26 |season= |volume= |issue= |article= |page= |pages=1-2313 |url=https://www.auajournalscambridge.org/doicore/journals/journal-of-biosocial-science/article/pdfabs/10.1097ageincidence-and-prevalence-of-hiv-among-intact-and-circumcised-men-an-analysis-of-phia-surveys-in-southern-africa/JU.0000000000002234CAA7E7BD5A9844F41C6B7CC3573B9E50 |archived= |quote=We found that circumcision was not independently associated with the risk of acquiring HIV among men from Ontario, Canada. |pubmedID=3455159336286328 |pubmedCID= |DOI=10.10971017/JU.0000000000002234S0021932022000414 |accessdate=2022-0111-1607}}</ref># [[Morten Frisch]] & Jacob Simonsen (2021) carried out a large scale empirical population study in [[Denmark]] of 855,654 males regarding the alleged value of male circumcision in preventing HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in men. They found that circumcised men have a higher rate of STI and HIV infection overall than intact men.<ref name="frisch2021"/blockquote>{{FrischM SimonsenJ 2021SEEALSO}}</ref> No association between circumcision status and risk of HIV infection was found.* [[Longer foreskin is favored]]