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His current interests focus on research ethics, public health ethics and medical ethics in developing countries, primarily in sub-Saharan Africa. He is co-Principal Investigator of two NIH/Fogarty International Center bioethics capacity building projects in Central Francophone Africa and South Africa. At UNC, he teaches bioethics to medical students in the School of Medicine. He is also co-Principal Investigator of a research study on the ethical and social implications of [[HIV]] cure research, with study sites in the [[USA]], [[China ]] and South Africa. He is currently also co-investigator in a NIH study on responsible conduct of [[HIV]] research among adolescents in Kenya. He has published on many bioethics themes, including [[informed consent]], [[HIV]] testing policies, medical rationing, implementation ethics, research involving children, health surveillance, health inequality and social justice. He was co-lead author of the [[HIV]] Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) Ethical Guidance for Research (2009). He has conducted qualitative research on community attitudes towards male [[circumcision ]] as means of [[HIV]] prevention in Malawi, and has published about the ethical dimensions of this public health intervention.<ref>{{REFdocument

}}</ref> Rennie's position on non-therapeutic male [[circumcision ]] is not clear. Based on this article, if Rennie were shown that male circumcision to prevent [[HIV ]] infection is not cost-effective, he might be persuaded to take a position against non-therapeutic male [[circumcision]]. ==Population-based studies== September 2021 saw the publication of two huge population studies on the relationship of [[circumcision]] and HIV infection: # Mayan et al. (2021) carried out a massive empirical study of the male population of the province of Ontario, [[Canada]] (569,950 males), of whom 203,588 (35.7%) were [[circumcised]] between 1991 and 2017. The study concluded that circumcision status is not related to risk of HIV infection.<ref name="mayan2021">{{REFjournal |last=Mayan |first=Madhur |init=M |author-link= |last2=Hamilton |first2=Robert J. |init2=RJ |author2-link= |last3=Juurlink |first3=David N. |init3=DN |author3-link= |last4=Austin |first4=Peter C. |init4=PC |author4-link= |last5=Jarvi |first5=Keith A. |init5=KA |author5-link= |etal=no |title=Circumcision and Risk of HIV Among Males From Ontario, Canada |journal=J Urol |date=2021-09-23 |url=https://www.auajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1097/JU.0000000000002234 |quote=We found that circumcision was not independently associated with the risk of acquiring HIV among men from Ontario, Canada. |pubmedID=34551593 |DOI=10.1097/JU.0000000000002234 |accessdate=2021-10-02}}</ref># [[Morten Frisch]] & Jacob Simonsen (2021) carried out a large scale empirical population study in [[Denmark]] of 855,654 males regarding the alleged value of male circumcision in preventing HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in men. They found that [[circumcised]] men have a higher rate of STI and HIV infection overall than [[intact]] men.<ref name="frisch2021">{{FrischM SimonsenJ 2021}}</ref> No association between lack of circumcision and risk of HIV infection was found by either study.