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Castellsagué graduated in Medicine from the {{UNI|Autonomous University of Barcelona |UAB}} in 1983, completed his Master's and Doctorate in Epidemiology and Public Health at {{UNI|Yale University |Yale}} in 1991, and his postdoctoral stay at the International Agency for Research on Cancer ([http://www.hpvcentre.net/ IARC]) in 1991-92. His most relevant area of ​​work focused on the study of the [[human papillomavirus ]] (HPV) and [[cervical cancer]], the implications of the virus in other genital tumors and especially in oropharyngeal tumors, vaccination studies against HPV and studies of the impact of nutrition and certain nutrients on cervical carcinogenesis.<ref name=Scielo>{{REFjournal

Since 2002, he organized and directed the International HPV Information Center in collaboration with the [[World Health Organization ]] and the [http://www.hpvcentre.net/ IARC], and was the leader of a distance training program on scientific research methodology in oncology.<ref name=Scielo/>

In 2008, the Nobel Prize for Medicine was shared by three scientists who generated very significant advances in the knowledge of HPV and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The HPV candidacy was formed by the tandem Harald Zur Hausen and Nubia Muñoz as representatives recognized by the scientific community as leaders in the generation of hypotheses and in the use of the first molecular tests for the detection of viral DNA in cytological samples, and in the organization of large epidemiological studies on issues of causality and risk estimation. The genuine contributions of Dr. Muñoz's group, to which Xavi Castellsagué joined, included the construction of the first large epidemiological studies that confirmed the causality of the association.<ref name=Scielo/>