Changes

Famed trauma expert [https://besselvanderkolk.net/index.html Bessell van der Kolk, M. D.] (1989) reported that traumatized persons tend to repeat the trauma on themselves or others, resulting in self-harm, harm to others, harm to self, or being re-victimized. He writes:

''Some traumatized people remain preoccupied with the trauma at the expense of other life experiences and continue to re-create it in some form for themselves or for others.''<ref name="vanderkolk1989">{{REFjournal

Lloyd De Mause deMause (1996) argued that early childhood trauma results in aggressive adult behavior.

''That America has arranged to have more people on welfare '' – ''Gingrich’sdreaded “underclass” '' – ''than any other industrialized country is a clue to whynations need poor people to punish for their prosperity. Since it is prosperity andthreats of intolerable individuation that trigger the restaging of trauma, it makespsychohistorical sense that America today '' – ''the most prosperous and freest nationof any in history '' – ''has more women and children living in poverty than any otherindustrialized nation. Nor is it coincidental that the world’s wealthiest country has the highest child homicide rate and the most newborn boys [[circumcised]], both indices of society’s hostility towards children.''<ref name="demause1996">{{REFjournal