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'''Helen A. Weiss''', {{MS}}, DPhil is a statistical epidemiologist at the [https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/ London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine]. Helen's research focuses on [[HIV]] epidemiology in developing countries. She works in the Tropical Epidemiology Group.<ref>{{REFweb

Weiss has been a co-author of numerous papers to promote male circumcision in Africa ([[VMMC]]) in the mistaken belief that it prevents [[HIV]] infection. She obviously is [[Bias| biased ]] in favor of [[circumcision]].==Circumcision does not prevent HIV infection===== Population-based studies ==={{Population-based studies}}===Two African surveys===The previously reported studies were from developed Western nations. Now we have information from Sub_Saharan Africa.

French scientist [[Michel Garenne]], Ph.D. has published two reports in 2022 comparing the incidence of HIV infection in [[circumcised]] and [[intact]] men. In his first report, Garenne presented the findings from a study in Lesotho, the enclave in South Africa. He reported:<blockquote>In couple studies, the effect of circumcision and VMMC on HIV was not significant, with similar transmission from female to male and male to female. The study questions the amount of effort and money spent on VMMC in Lesotho.<ref name="garenne2022A">{{REFjournal |last=Garenne |first=Michel |init= PopulationM |author-based studies link=Michel Garenne |title=Changing relationships between HIV prevalence and circumcision in Lesotho |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35373731/ |date=2022-04-04 |journal=J Biosoc Sci |volume=online ahead of print |pages=1-16 |DOI=10.1017/S0021932022000153 |pubmedID=35373731{{Population |accessdate=2022-11-based studies09}}</ref> </blockquote>