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}}</ref> [[Bessel van der Kolk|Van der Kolk]] (1989) has shown that traumatized persons are compelled to repeat their trauma on themselves or others.<ref name="vanderkolk1989">{{REFjournal |last=van der Kolk |first=Bessel |init=BA |author-link=Bessel van der Kolk |etal=no |title=The compulsion to repeat the trauma: re-enactment, revictimization, and masochism |journal=Psychiatr Clin North Am |date=VanderKolkBA 1989-06 |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=389-411 |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/psych/vanderkolk/ |pubmedID=2664732 |pubmedCID= |DOI= |accessdate=2020-03-03}}</ref> The compulsion of [[circumcised]] men to repeat the [[Psychiatrist Discusses the Lasting Trauma of Circumcision| trauma of circumcision]] is seen in the huge numbers of men with [[adamant father syndrome]]. It appears that the circumcised priests ascribed their compulsion to an edict of God.