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→Phimosis diagnosis issues: Wikify.
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===Phimosis diagnosis issues===
Fewer boys were being [[circumcised ]] so there were more [[intact]] boys. The general practitioners (GPs) in the UK seemed to be unable to distinguish between true [[phimosis]] and developmentally non-retractile healthy [[foreskin]] and were referring numerous boys for unnecessary [[circumcision]].
Rickwood et al. (1980) had provided guidance on diagnosis of phimosis. According to Rickwood et al. true [[phimosis]] occurs when the [[foreskin]] has been attacked by [[balanitis xerotica obliterans]] (BXO) (also known as lichen sclerosis). If BXO is not present then true phimosis does not exist.<ref name="rickwood1980">{{REFjournal
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Several papers critical of phimosis diagnosis practice in the UK were published in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Rickwood & Walker (1989) reported that in the Mersey region (northwest England) "many boys are [[circumcised]] for development non-retractability of the prepuce rather than for true [[phimosis ]] and that in consequence some two-thirds of the operations are unnecessary."<ref name="rickwood1989">{{REFjournal
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