Changes

|issue=3

|pages=266–67

}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal

|last=Distel

|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021093342/http://www.ima.org.il/imaj/ar03dec-14.pdf

|format=PDF

}}</ref> Researchers noted that prior to 1997, neonatal ''[[herpes]]'' reports in Israel were rare, and that the late incidences were correlated with the mothers carrying the virus themselves.<ref name="Gesundheit"/> Rabbi Doctor [[Mordechai Halperin]] implicates the "better hygiene and living conditions that prevail among the younger generation", which lowered to 60% the rate of young Israeli Chareidi mothers who carry the virus. He explains that an "absence of antibodies in the mothers’ blood means that their newborn sons received no such antibodies through the placenta, and therefore are vulnerable to infection by HSV-1."<ref name="Halperin">{{REFjournal

|last=Halperin

</blockquote>

Metzitzah b'peh may not be universally practiced.

==Recent events==

* 2020: Four New York baby boys have contracted [[herpes]] from the [[mohel]] in six months.<ref name="oster2012">{{REFnews