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The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common STD in the U.S. It is known to cause genital warts, and it has been implicated as the cause of [[cervical cancer ]] in womenand [[penile cancer]] in men.

Two vaccines have recently been developed to prevent HPV acquisition. In the past, [[circumcision ]] was assumed to prevent the acquisition of HPV, thus reducing the risk of cervical cancer, but this was supported by dubious studies as outlined below.