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}}</ref> Therefore, it has been necessary to establish an educational program for both parents and physicians on the normal care of the [[intact ]] [[penis]].<ref name="bollinger2007" />

Parents of [[intact]] boys in the [[United States]] have an additional responsibility of protecting their [[intact]], [[foreskinned]] son from harmful, painful [[Forced foreskin retraction| premature forcible foreskin retraction]] (PFFR) by ignorant doctors and nurses.