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12 million men and boys have been circumcised in the campaign, largely on American taxpayer dollars through the President’s Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief ([[PEPFAR]]). Because many men refuse circumcision, "early infant male circumcision" (EIMC) was added to the VMMC agenda in 2016.
[[PEPFAR]] (2025) has scrapped its ineffective and harmful "voluntary male medical circumcision" ([[VMMC]]) program after 15 years and at least 27,000,000 harmful and useless [[foreskin]] amputations.<ref name="gwarisa2025">{{REFnews
|title=New PEPFAR Waiver Scraps Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Program
|url=https://healthtimes.co.zw/2025/02/07/new-pepfar-waiver-scraps-voluntary-medical-male-circumcision-program/
|last=Gwarisa
|first=Michael
|init=
|author-link=
|publisher=Healthtimes
|website=
|date=2025-02-07
|accessdate=2025-02-15
|format=
|quote=
}}</ref> Numerous studies have demonstrated that [[adult circumcision]] is not effective in preventing [[HIV]] [[infection]].
[[PEPFAR]] ignominiously ended the provision of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of boys under age 15 in November 2019 due to significant, complications, injuries, and other abuses.
== History ==