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<blockquote>{{Citation |Text=As argued here, nontherapeutic circumcision of male minors is not medically justifiable and violates the cardinal principles of medical ethics, including preserving a child’s future autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice. Circumcision should be at least delayed until the affected person reaches an age of understanding and is able to make his own risk-benefit analysis. Notably, the Danish Medical Association issued a policy paper in December 2016 that found NTC before the age of informed consent to be unethical. Physicians’ legal right to operate on healthy children is also questionable. In 2012, a German court held that circumcision constitutes criminal assault by causing bodily harm and denying a child his right to physical integrity, although the decision was later legislatively reversed. And in 2015, in a case involving female genital cutting/mutilation, a British judge found that nontherapeutic circumcision of male children is a “significant harm". As the balance of legal, ethical, and human rights discourse moves steadily against NTC, courts in the US and elsewhere might gradually conclude that NTC is inconsistent with medical professionals’ ethical and legal duties to the child. |Author=[[J. Steven Svoboda]] |ref=<ref name="svoboda2017">{{REFjournal
</blockquote>}}
<blockquote>"{{Citation |Text=… we suggest that before circumcision, men should be warned of the long-term consequences (penile sensations and effect on erectile function) as well as be talked through the more traditional subjects (peri-operative complications)." |Author=Masood et al. (2005) |ref=<ref name="masood2005">{{REFjournal
</blockquote>}}
formattings
There are many '''issues with American urologists and the practice of male circumcision'''.
== The American Urological Association ==
A search for "circumcision" on its website produces 755 hits, so male [[circumcision]] is a major business interest of the urological industry.
=== AUA position statement ===
Although obstetricians, pediatricians, and family doctors obtain most of the revenue from non-therapeutic infant circumcision, the AUA has provided a promotional position statement on infant [[circumcision]].<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://www.auanet.org/about-us/policy-and-position-statements/circumcision
Every circumcision causes both [[trauma| psychic and physical trauma]] to the patient. Svoboda (2017) considered whether the benefits of non-therapeutic circumcision (NTC) was sufficient to justify the trauma. He wrote:
|last=Svoboda
|first=
|accessdate=2023-04-09
}}</ref>
== Lack of experience with a normal body part ==
Masood et al. (2005) advised that urologists are informing men incorrectly. The authors said:
|last=Masood
|init=S
|accessdate=2023-04-20
}}</ref>
[[Intact]] males who consult a urologist should receive any recommendation for [[Adolescent_and_adult_circumcision| adolescent or adult circumcision]] with extreme caution. Doing one's own research is advised so one does not become another [[regret men| regret man]].
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Adult circumcision]]
* [[Stretching]]
* [[Tissue expansion]]
{{REF}}
[[Category:Education]]