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At the point of birth, the development of the external male genital organs is not completely finished. At this stage, the foreskin and glans share an epithelium (mucous layer, the balano-preputial membrane) that fuses the two together. It serves to protect the glans during infancy, and dissolves as the child develops. Premature forcible [[retraction of the foreskin]] will tear this membrane, causing great pain and injury to the boy, who suffers this abuse. The child, himself, should be the first person to retract his foreskin.<ref>{{REFjournal
| last=Wright | first=JE | coauthors=J.E. | title=Further to the "<q>Further Fate of the Foreskin"</q> | journal=Med J Aust | date=1994 | volume=160 | issue= | pages=134-5 | url= | quote=The normal prepuce should be left alone, with no attempt to retract it until the boy is able to do it himself, at the earliest at three years of age. | pubmedID=8295581 | pubmedCID= | DOI= | accessdate=2019-10-01
}}</ref> <ref name="NOCIRCpretract">[http://www.nocirc.org/publish/6pam.pdf ''Answers to Your Questions About Premature (Forcible) Retraction of Your Son's Foreskin'']. San Anselmo: NOCIRC, 2000.</ref>
A study by the Danish paediatrician and school doctor, Jakob Øster, of 9,545 examinations of pupils, published in 1968, led to the following results<ref>{{REFjournal
| last=Øster | first=J. | coauthors= | title=Further fate of the foreskin: incidence of preputial adhesions, phimosis, and smegma among Danish schoolboys | journal=Arch Dis Child | volume=43 | issue= | pages=200-203 | url=https://adc.bmj.com/content/archdischild/43/228/200.full.pdf | quote= | pubmedID= | pubmedCID= | DOI= | date=1968 | accessdate=
}}</ref>:
Thorvaldsen & Meyhoff (2005) conducted a survey of 4000 young men in Denmark.9 They report that the mean age of first foreskin retraction is 10.4 years in Denmark.<ref name="Thorvaldsen">{{REFjournal
| last=Thorvaldsen | first=MAM.A. | coauthorslast2=Meyhoff |first2=H. | title=Patologisk eller fysiologisk fimose? | journal=Ugeskr Læger | volume=167 | issue=17 | pages=1858-1862 | url=http://www.cirp.org/library/normal/thorvaldsen1/ | quote= | pubmedID=15929334 | pubmedCID= | DOI= | date=2005 | accessdate=2019-10-01
}}</ref> Non-retractile foreskin is the more common condition until about 10-11 years of age.