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== From a duplicate page == Normally, developmental non-retractability does not cause any problems. Non-retractability may be deemed [[pathology|pathological]] if it causes problems, such as difficulty urinating or performing normal sexual functions, but even then, this is rare, and, if the non-retractability itself is not caused by pathological inflammation, it cannot be called "pathological" or "true phimosis." A foreskin that is so narrow it will retract very little or not at all, but is not the result of a pathological imflammationinflammation, is accurately termed [[''preputial stenosis]]'' (narrow prepuce), and will respond to treatment including [[steroid]] creams, manual stretching, and changing [[masturbation]] habits.
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}}</ref> The mistaken belief that the foreskin was supposed to be retractable at the time of birth of the infant has led to a characterization of the genitalia of most infant males as defective at birth. This has led to many false diagnoses of [[phimosis]], followed by unnecessary [[circumcision]], when, in fact, the foreskin is developmentally normal.
== History ==
|issue=Sept/Oct
|pages=26
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/treatment/phimosis/beauge2/
|quote=
|pubmedID=
|DOI=
|date=1997
|accessdate=2019-10-18
}}</ref>
* Application of topical steroid ointment<ref>{{REFjournal
|issue=2
|pages=307-310
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/treatment/phimosis/orsola1/
|quote=
|pubmedID= 10925099
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1016/s0090-4295(00)00576-8
|date=2000
|accessdate=2019-10-18
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Ashfield
|issue=3
|pages=1106-1108
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/treatment/phimosis/ashfield1/
|quote=
|pubmedID=12576863
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1097/01.ju.0000048973.26072.eb |date=2003-03 |accessdate=2019-10-18
}}</ref>