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* The inner surface of the foreskin is fused or adherent by a [[synechia]] to the glans penis.
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'''Phimosis''' (''fɪˈmoʊsɨs'' or ''faɪˈmoʊsɨs'', from the Greek ''phimos'' (φῑμός "muzzle"), is a condition of the [[penis]] where the [[foreskin]] cannot be fully retracted over the [[glans penis]].<ref>{{URLwikipedia|Phimosis|Phimosis|2019-09-25}}</ref> Phimosis is a condition, not a disease. Phimosis may or may not require treatment. Some men live their entire lives with a non-retractile foreskin. They are able to have sexual intercourse and father children.
There are three causes of phimosisnon-retractile foreskin:
* The tip of the foreskin is too narrow to pass over the [[glans penis]].
* The inner surface of the foreskin is fused or adherent by a [[synechia]] to the glans penis.
* The [[frenulum]] is too short to permit retraction. The medical name for this condition is ''[[frenulum breve]]''.
== Non-retractable foreskin of infancy and childhood==
|DOI=
|accessdate=2019-11-01
}}</ref> Most of the rest develop a retractable foreskin in their teenage years.<ref name="Øster1968" /> About two percent of adult males live with a non-retractable foreskin.<ref name="shahid2012" />
If treatment is deemed necessary, the application of topical steroid ointment is the most cost-effective treatment.<ref name="vanhowe1998">{{REFjournal
==== Manual stretching ====
The growth and hormonal surge during puberty alter both the size and size ratio of the penis and penile skin significantly. Also, the first masturbations aid masturbation aids in the process of stretching of the skin and detachment of any remaining childhood fusion.
If, after that, the foreskin still remains too tight, resulting in pain during sexual activities, and making genital hygiene difficult, treatment is indicated. The boy himself should engage in stretching exercises, if needed with the aid of corticosteroid cream. Depending on the active substances, success rates of 80-90% have been documented.<ref>{{REFjournal