Literature

About Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)

• Abdelmagied, Ahmed; Salah, Wefag; ElTahir, Nayla; NurEldin, Tamadur; & Shareef, Sahar, Perception and Attitudes of Religious Groups Towards Female Genital Mutilation, Ahfad Journal, Vol. 22, No. 2, December 2005.
• Abusharaf, Rogaia Mustafa, Female Circumcision, Multicultural Perspectives, University of Pennsylvania Press, c. 2006.
• Bekers, Elisabeth, Rising Anthills: African and African American Writing on Female Genital Excision, 1960-2000, University of Wisconsin Press, c. 2010.
• Burrage, Hilary, Eradicating Female Genital Mutilation: A UK Perspective, Ashgate Publishing Ltd., c. 2015.
• Caney, Simon, Justice Beyond Borders: A Global Political Theory, Oxford University Press, c. 2005.
• Chavkin, Wendy & Chesler, Ellen, Where Human Rights Begin: Health, Sexuality and Women in the New Millennium, Rutgers University Press, c. 2005.
• Corea, Gena, The Hidden Malpractice: How American Medicine Treats Women as Patients and Professionals, William Morrow & Co., c. 1977.
• Dally, Ann, Women Under the Knife: A History of Surgery, Castle Books, N.J., c. 2006.
• Daly, Mary, Gyn/Ecology, The Meta Ethics of Radical Feminism, Beacon Press, Boston, MA., c. 1978.
• Dirie, Waris & Miller, Cathleen, Desert Flower: The Extraordinary Journey of a Desert Nomad, Harper Collins, c. 2009.
• Ezzat, Dina, A Savage Surgery, The Middle East (Journal), January 1994.
• Foster, Charles, On the Trail of a Taboo: Female Circumcision in the Islamic World, Contemporary Review, Vol. 264, No. 1540, May 1994/
• Gruenbaum, Ellen, The Female Circumcision Controversy: An Anthropological Perspective, University of Pennsylvania Press, c. 2001.
• Herndlund, Ylva & Shell-Duncan, Bettina, Female "Circumcision in Africa: Culture, Controversy and Change, Lynne Reiner, c. 2000.
• Herndlund, Ylva & Shell-Duncan, Bettina, Transcultural Bodies: Female Genital Cutting in Global Context, Rutgers University Press, c. 2007.
• Ian, Patrick, Responding to Female Genital Mutilation: The Australian Experience in Context, Australian Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 36, No. 1, February 2001.
• Koso-Thomas, Olayinka, The Circumcision of Women: A Strategy for Eradication, Zed Books, Ltd., N.J., c. 1987.
• Lightfoot-Klein, Hanny, Prisoners of Ritual: An Odyssey into Female Genital Circumcision in Africa, The Hayworth Press. New York, c. 1989.
• Mire, Soraya, The Girl With Three Legs: A Memoir, Chicago Review Press, c. 2011.
• Mohammed, Hawa Noor, Can FGM be Eradicated Through an Alternate Means?, GRIN Verlag - Seminar Papers, c. 2009.
• Nnaemeka, Obioma, Female Circumcision and the Politics of Knowledge, Praeger Publishers, Westport, CT., c. 2005.
• Raya, Patricia Diane, Female Genital Mutilation and the Perpetuation of Multigenerational Trauma, The Journal of Psychohistory, Vol 37, No. 4, Spring 2010.
• Rodriguez, Sarah B., Female Circumcision and Clitoridectomy in the United States, University of Rochester Press, Rochester, NY, c. 2014.
• Ross, Susan Dellen, Women's Human Rights: The International and Comparative Law Case Book, University of California Press, c. 2003.
• Sands, Kathleen M., God Forbid: Religion and Sex in American Public Life, Oxford University Press, c. 2000.
• Thomas, Lynn M., Politics of the Womb: Women, Reproduction and the State in Kenya, University of California Press, c. 2003.
• Thomas, J., Female Genital Mutilations Lead to Lost Lives and High Costs, International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, Vol. 36, No. 3, September 2010.
• Tong, Rosemarie; Anderson, Gwen & Santos, Aida, Globalizing Feminist Bioethics: Crosscultural Perspectives, Westview Press, c. 2001.
• Wangila, Mary Nyangweso, Female Circumcision: The Interplay of Religion, Culture and Gender in Kenya, Orbis Books, Maryknoll, NY, c. 2007.
• White, Allan E., Female Genital Mutilation in America: The Federal Dilemma, Texas Journal of Women, Gender and the Law, Vol. 10, No. 2, April 2001.

Against the German Circumcision Act

• Manok, Andreas, The medically not indicated circumcision of the male child – Legal situation before and after the adoption of § 1631d Civil Code with special consideration of fundamental rights, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 2015 (Writings on health law [SGR], vol. 34). 217 pages. ISBN 978-3-428-14584-3. 69,90 €.

“

The author examines the question of the legality of unindexed medical circumcisions of male minors at the behest of their parents. After a cultural historical overview and consideration of medical aspects he fully verifies whether the amendmend § 1631d to the Civil Code by the federal legislature in reaction to the so-called circumcision judgment of Cologne is constitutional. He concludes that § 1631d BGB is unconstitutional in several aspects. Firstly, the fundamental right of minors to physical integrity predominates the parental edicuation right and their fundamental right to freedom of religion, as far as scope and the irreversibility of the intervention are concerned. On the other hand, it is an unjustified discrimination against male minors because of their gender, because the operation on them should be allowed while even mild forms of female circumcision are under threat of punishment by § 226a Criminal Code. – Dr. Georg Neureither (religion-weltanschauung-recht.net)

• Franz, Matthias (publisher), The circumcision of boys - A sad legacy, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2014. 448 pages with 11 figures, brochured. ISBN 978-3-525-40455-3. 29,99 €.

“

The debate about the ritual, not medically justified genital cutting of small boys who are not able to consent, now also takes place in Germany, after the judgment of the Cologne Regional Court in May 2012. It moves in the tension of the fundamental rights to freedom of religion on the one hand and to physical integrity on the other. The intensity of the debate suggests profound anxieties and conflicts. It is about the question of whether it is in a secular democracy still appropriate to safeguard the group and religious identity of adults by inflicting little boys pain and fear, to expose them to significant health risks and irreversible injury of the genital area. Painful physical, sexual and psychological long-term consequences of circumcision are possible and documented. In this book, affected ones, doctors, lawyers, psychoanalysts, politicians and other professionals express criticism of the boy circumcision and are committed to the thought of protection of children. they promote a debate on scientific and legal basis. – Promotion text (Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht)

Bases for juristiction

• Putzke, Holm: Die strafrechtliche Relevanz der Beschneidung von Knaben. Zugleich ein Beitrag über die Grenzen der Einwilligung in Fällen der Personensorge, in: Putzke/Hardtung/Hörnle/Merkel/Scheinfeld/Schlehofer/Seier (Hrsg.), Strafrecht zwischen System und Telos, Festschrift für Rolf Dietrich Herzberg, Tübingen 2008, S. 669–709 (Translation: Criminal Relevance of Circumcising Boys. A Contribution to the Limitation of Consent in Cases of Care for the Person of the Child)
• Religiöse Beschneidung - Literature references at Holm Putzke (chronological)

See also

• Celebrating Brit Shalom
• The Measure of His Grief
• Unspeakable Mutilations