Changes

'''Extensive penile skin defects/''' and '''[[avulsion]]s''' are unfortunate occurrences of male [[circumcision]]. [[Avulsion ]] is the forcible tearing away of a body part by [[trauma ]] or surgery.<ref>{{REFweb

Bode et al. (2010) reported 23 very serious injuries from proximal migration of the [[Plastibell]] circumcision ring. There was extensive skin loss in 17(74%) babies. [[Urethral fistula| Urethrocutaneous fistulae]] were the result in nine (39%) of these cases, while partial [[necrosis]] of the [[glans penis]] occurred in four (17%).<ref name="bode2010">{{REFjournal

Osifo & Oriaifo (2010) reported on 346 complications [[complication]]s of child [[circumcision ]] in Nigeria. Urethrocutaneous fistula (73, [21.1%]), redundant [[prepuce ]] (51, [14.7%]), hemorrhage [[haemorrhage]] (46, [13.3%]), glandular injury (33, [9.5%]), glandulopenile adhesion (30, [8.7%]), implantation cyst (10, [2.9%]) [Figure figure 1], proximal migration of plastibell ring (11, [3.2%]) and penile tissues avulsions (17, [4.9%]) were more commonly seen than glandular amputations (9, [2.6%]), transmission of infection (4, [1.2%]), local wound infections [[infection]]s and penopubic adhesion (2, [0.6%]).<ref name="osifo2010">{{REFjournal

Gao & Qu (2019) presented the case of a 31-year-old man who presented with extensive defects in his [[penile skin]], [[infection]], and [[necrosis]] following a [[Adolescent and adult circumcision| circumcision]]. A reverse bilateral anterior [[Scrotal skin|scrotal flap]] was used to correct complete [[penile skin]] loss following debridement of the infected and [[Necrosis|necrotic tissue]].<ref name="gao2019">{{REFjournal |last=Gao |first= |init=QG |author-link= |last2=Qu |first2= |init2=W |author2-link= |etal=no |title=Penile resurfacing using a reverse bilateral anterior scrotal artery flap |journal= Medicine (Baltimore) |location= |date=2019-12 |volume=98 |issue=49 |article= |page=:e18106 |pages= |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6919477/ |archived= |quote= |pubmedID=31804321 |pubmedCID=6919477 |DOI=10.1097/MD.0000000000018106. |accessdate=2022-01-23}}</ref> {{REF}}