Difference between revisions of "Laws for minor interventions"

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There are several laws for minor interventions, compared to [[HGM|genital mutilation of minors]], which show the [[Double Standard|double standards]] in many countries on behalf of protecting children.
  
 +
== Spanking ==
 +
In many countries, spanking children as education measure was common until recently. More and more countries now forbid violence against children by law.
  
−
There are several laws for minor interventions, compared to genital mutilation of minors, which show the double standards in many countries on behalf of protecting children.
+
=== Germany ===
 +
In 2000, Germany finally forbid violence against children as a parental right. See § 1631 BGB.
 +
 
 +
=== Sweden ===
 +
Already in 1979, Sweden became one of the first nations to forbid spanking children by law.<ref>https://sweden.se/society/smacking-banned-since-1979</ref>
 +
 
 +
== [[Body piercing]] ==
 +
In many countries, piercing of minors is not allowed by law. Here is a list of some countries (to be continued):
 +
 
 +
=== Germany ===
 +
Minors from 7 to 17 years are allowed to do business and contracts in the appropriation of their pocket money without consent of their parents, as German Civil Code states in section 110 (so-called pocket money paragraph). This is also true for body piercings and tattoos if the child is capable of discernment.<ref>https://www.refrago.de/Ab_wann_duerfen_sich_Jugendliche_taetowieren_und_piercen_lassen.frage142.html</ref>
 +
 
 +
=== UK ===
 +
There are basic standards that apply across Britain. The law prohibits piercing the genitals of anyone under 16, the age of sexual consent, or the nipples of a girl under 16. In England, there is no age limit for piercing tongues, boys’ nipples or less intimate body parts. In Scotland, any piercings, even of earlobes, require parental approval before age 16.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/01/world/europe/uk-piercings-wales.html</ref>
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
!Area
 +
!Genitals
 +
!Nipples (female)
 +
!Tongue
 +
!Nipples (male)
 +
!Other body parts
 +
|- style="text-align:center;"
 +
|  style="text-align:left;" |Britain
 +
|16
 +
|16
 +
|16
 +
|16
 +
|16
 +
|- style="text-align:center;"
 +
|  style="text-align:left;" |England
 +
|16
 +
|16
 +
|0
 +
|0
 +
|0
 +
|- style="text-align:center;"
 +
|  style="text-align:left;" |Scotland
 +
|16
 +
|16
 +
|16
 +
|16
 +
|16
 +
|- style="text-align:center;"
 +
|  style="text-align:left;" |Wales
 +
|18
 +
|18
 +
|18
 +
|18
 +
|18
 +
|}
  
−
== Piercing ==
 
−
In many countries, minors are not allowed to be pierced. Here is a list of some countries:
 
  
 
=== USA ===
 
=== USA ===
Line 19: Line 69:
 
<!-- !rowspan="2"|Description -->
 
<!-- !rowspan="2"|Description -->
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Written, informed consent from parent / legal guardian
+
|Written, [[informed consent]] from parent / legal guardian
 
|Presence of parent or guardian during piercing
 
|Presence of parent or guardian during piercing
 
|Additional obligations
 
|Additional obligations
Line 30: Line 80:
 
|??
 
|??
 
|??
 
|??
−
<!-- |Anyone under the age of 18 must have prior written, informed consent from their parent or legal guardian to get pierced. -->
+
<!-- |Anyone under the age of 18 must have prior written, [[informed consent]] from their parent or legal guardian to get pierced. -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Alaska
 
|Alaska
Line 138: Line 188:
 
|misdemeanor offense
 
|misdemeanor offense
 
|fine of up to $500; 2nd offence within a year of the first one, they may be fined another $500 to $1,000
 
|fine of up to $500; 2nd offence within a year of the first one, they may be fined another $500 to $1,000
−
<!-- |No one under the age of 14 can get any piercing other than an earlobe piercing in Idaho, even with parental consent. Those between the ages of 14 and 18 can be pierced if a parent or legal guardian provides written informed consent in the presence of the person performing the piercing or an employee or agent of the piercer. The law excludes earlobe piercings and piercing for medical purposes. Violation of this law is considered a misdemeanor offense accompanied by a fine of up to $500. If a piercer has a secondary offense within a year of their first one, they may be fined another $500 to $1,000. -->
+
<!-- |No one under the age of 14 can get any piercing other than an earlobe piercing in Idaho, even with parental consent. Those between the ages of 14 and 18 can be pierced if a parent or legal guardian provides written [[informed consent]] in the presence of the person performing the piercing or an employee or agent of the piercer. The law excludes earlobe piercings and piercing for medical purposes. Violation of this law is considered a misdemeanor offense accompanied by a fine of up to $500. If a piercer has a secondary offense within a year of their first one, they may be fined another $500 to $1,000. -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Illinois
 
|Illinois
Line 237: Line 287:
 
|misdemeanor
 
|misdemeanor
 
|??
 
|??
−
<!-- |Piercers must have witnessed written parental consent to pierce a minor, meaning that a parent or legal guardian must accompany their child to the shop where they want to get pierced and sign an informed consent form on site. Violations are considered a misdemeanor. -->
+
<!-- |Piercers must have witnessed written parental consent to pierce a minor, meaning that a parent or legal guardian must accompany their child to the shop where they want to get pierced and sign an [[informed consent]] form on site. Violations are considered a misdemeanor. -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Mississippi
 
|Mississippi
Line 267: Line 317:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Nebraska
 
|Nebraska
−
|
+
|18
−
|
+
|X
−
|
+
|X
−
|
+
|Piercers have to save written consent forms for at least 5 years.
−
|
+
|unprofessional conduct
−
|??
+
|may jeopardize a piercer's license to practice
 
<!-- |A parent or guardian must provide written consent in person for a child in their care to get a body piercing, and they must be present for the procedure. Piercers have to save written consent forms for at least 5 years. Although there are no criminal penalties for violating this rule, it's considered unprofessional conduct--a label that may jeopardize a piercer's license to practice. -->
 
<!-- |A parent or guardian must provide written consent in person for a child in their care to get a body piercing, and they must be present for the procedure. Piercers have to save written consent forms for at least 5 years. Although there are no criminal penalties for violating this rule, it's considered unprofessional conduct--a label that may jeopardize a piercer's license to practice. -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Nevada
 
|Nevada
−
|
+
|18
−
|
+
|X
−
|
+
|X (in Clark County)
−
|
+
|state- or school-issued picture identification must be provided both by the child and their guardian, and that a photocopy of the IDs must be kept on file with all related paperwork, which should include a signed release form
 
|
 
|
 
|??
 
|??
Line 285: Line 335:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|New Hampshire
 
|New Hampshire
−
|
+
|18
−
|
+
|X
−
|
+
|X
−
|
+
|Shops must maintain records of piercing minors for 7 years.
 
|
 
|
 
|??
 
|??
−
<!-- |A parent or guardian must accompany any child under the age of 18 when they get a piercing. They have to provide evidence that they are the child's parent or legal guardian, sign a document providing informed consent, and stay during the piercing procedure. Shops must maintain records of piercing minors for 7 years. -->
+
<!-- |A parent or guardian must accompany any child under the age of 18 when they get a piercing. They have to provide evidence that they are the child's parent or legal guardian, sign a document providing [[informed consent]], and stay during the piercing procedure. Shops must maintain records of piercing minors for 7 years. -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|New Jersey
 
|New Jersey
 +
|18
 +
|X
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|
+
|"disorderly persons offense"
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|??
 
|??
 
<!-- |It's considered a "disorderly persons offense" for a piercing artist to pierce a minor without prior written permission from a parent or legal guardian in the state of New Jersey. -->
 
<!-- |It's considered a "disorderly persons offense" for a piercing artist to pierce a minor without prior written permission from a parent or legal guardian in the state of New Jersey. -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|New Mexico
 
|New Mexico
 +
|18
 +
|X (e.g. Albuquerque City, hand-written and notarized; except ear piercing)
 +
|X if no written and notarized consent has been hand-delivered
 
|
 
|
−
|
+
|unregulated
−
|
+
|none
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|??
 
 
<!-- |Although New Mexico is an unregulated state when it comes to body modification, specific areas have set rules regarding piercing minors. For instance, Albuquerque City Ordinance Chapter 11, Article 5 requires a parent or legal guardian's written consent before a minor in their care can be pierced. (Ear piercing is excluded from this rule.) As long as the parent or guardian has hand-delivered written and notarized consent for their child to get a specific type of piercing, they do not have to be present during the procedure. If they do stay during the procedure, the written consent does not have to be notarized. -->
 
<!-- |Although New Mexico is an unregulated state when it comes to body modification, specific areas have set rules regarding piercing minors. For instance, Albuquerque City Ordinance Chapter 11, Article 5 requires a parent or legal guardian's written consent before a minor in their care can be pierced. (Ear piercing is excluded from this rule.) As long as the parent or guardian has hand-delivered written and notarized consent for their child to get a specific type of piercing, they do not have to be present during the procedure. If they do stay during the procedure, the written consent does not have to be notarized. -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|New York
 
|New York
−
|
+
|18
−
|
+
|X
−
|
+
|X
−
|
+
|Shops must keep consent forms on file for a minimum of 12 months.
 
|
 
|
 
|??
 
|??
Line 321: Line 371:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|North Carolina
 
|North Carolina
−
|
+
|18 (except earlobes)
−
|
+
|X
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
Line 330: Line 380:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|North Dakota
 
|North Dakota
 +
|18
 +
|X
 +
|X
 
|
 
|
−
|
+
|misdemeanor to sell tattoo or piercing equipment to a minor
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|??
 
|??
 
<!-- |A parent or guardian must provide written consent and be present in order for their child to be pierced in North Dakota. It's also worth noting that it's a misdemeanor to sell tattoo or piercing equipment to a minor in the state of North Dakota. -->
 
<!-- |A parent or guardian must provide written consent and be present in order for their child to be pierced in North Dakota. It's also worth noting that it's a misdemeanor to sell tattoo or piercing equipment to a minor in the state of North Dakota. -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Ohio
 
|Ohio
−
|
+
|18
−
|
+
|X
−
|
+
|X
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|??
 
|??
−
<!-- |It's illegal to perform any body piercing (ear piercings included) on a minor in Ohio without the consent of the minor's parent or legal custodian. The consenting adult must accompany their child to the piercing establishment and sign a document providing informed consent before the child can be legally pierced. -->
+
<!-- |It's illegal to perform any body piercing (ear piercings included) on a minor in Ohio without the consent of the minor's parent or legal custodian. The consenting adult must accompany their child to the piercing establishment and sign a document providing [[informed consent]] before the child can be legally pierced. -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Oklahoma
 
|Oklahoma
 +
|18
 +
|X
 +
|X
 
|
 
|
−
|
+
|misdemeanor
−
|
+
|up to 90 days of imprisonment, a fine of up to $5,000, or both
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|??
 
 
<!-- |No minor may be pierced in Oklahoma without a parent or legal guardian providing written consent and staying for the piercing procedure. Violating this rule is deemed a misdemeanor offense that is punishable by up to 90 days of imprisonment, a fine of up to $5,000, or both. -->
 
<!-- |No minor may be pierced in Oklahoma without a parent or legal guardian providing written consent and staying for the piercing procedure. Violating this rule is deemed a misdemeanor offense that is punishable by up to 90 days of imprisonment, a fine of up to $5,000, or both. -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Oregon
 
|Oregon
 +
|18
 +
|X
 +
|X
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|
+
|If a facility fails to obtain a consent form prior to piercing a minor, though, they are violating state law and subject to disciplinary action.
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|??
 
 
<!-- |A parent or legal guardian must present a current government-issued photo ID and sign a consent form before a child under 18 who's in their care may be pierced in Oregon. However, the piercing establishment is not required to verify the authenticity of the person signing the consent form. If a facility fails to obtain a consent form prior to piercing a minor, though, they are violating state law and subject to disciplinary action. -->
 
<!-- |A parent or legal guardian must present a current government-issued photo ID and sign a consent form before a child under 18 who's in their care may be pierced in Oregon. However, the piercing establishment is not required to verify the authenticity of the person signing the consent form. If a facility fails to obtain a consent form prior to piercing a minor, though, they are violating state law and subject to disciplinary action. -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Pennsylvania
 
|Pennsylvania
 +
|18
 +
|X
 +
|X
 
|
 
|
−
|
+
|3rd degree misdemeanor
−
|
+
|fine of $100, imprisonment for up to 3 years, or both.
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|??
 
 
<!-- |A parent or guardian must accompany a child under age 18 who wishes to get a body piercing in Pennsylvania, and they must provide written consent for the procedure in person. It's a 3rd degree misdemeanor to pierce a minor without proper parental consent and presence in Pennsylvania. Doing so may result in a fine of $100, imprisonment for up to 3 years, or both. -->
 
<!-- |A parent or guardian must accompany a child under age 18 who wishes to get a body piercing in Pennsylvania, and they must provide written consent for the procedure in person. It's a 3rd degree misdemeanor to pierce a minor without proper parental consent and presence in Pennsylvania. Doing so may result in a fine of $100, imprisonment for up to 3 years, or both. -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Rhode Island
 
|Rhode Island
 +
|18
 
|
 
|
−
|
+
|X
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
Line 384: Line 434:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|South Carolina
 
|South Carolina
−
|
+
|18
−
|
+
|not approvable
−
|
+
|not approvable
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
Line 393: Line 443:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|South Dakota
 
|South Dakota
 +
|18
 +
|X (required in many shops)
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|
+
|no state-wide regulations
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|??
 
|??
 
<!-- |There are no state-wide regulations regarding piercing minors in South Dakota at this time, but some municipalities have set their own rules. Many shops voluntarily choose to follow the standard practice of requiring a parent or guardian to provide written consent in person before a child under the age of 18 may be pierced. -->
 
<!-- |There are no state-wide regulations regarding piercing minors in South Dakota at this time, but some municipalities have set their own rules. Many shops voluntarily choose to follow the standard practice of requiring a parent or guardian to provide written consent in person before a child under the age of 18 may be pierced. -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Tennessee
 
|Tennessee
 +
|18
 +
|X
 +
|X
 +
|They must also present proof of age, provide proof of guardianship or custody, and attest in writing that they are the minor's legal caretaker.
 +
|Class C misdemeanor
 +
|imprisonment for up to 30 days or a fine of up to $50.
 +
<!-- |Minors may be pierced if a parent or legal guardian accompanies them to the piercing establishment and signs a document explaining the procedure and proper aftercare. They must also present proof of age, provide proof of guardianship or custody, and attest in writing that they are the minor's legal caretaker. Piercing a minor whose legal caretaker hasn't taken all these measures is a Class C misdemeanor that may result in imprisonment for up to 30 days or a fine of up to $50. -->
 +
|-
 +
|Texas
 
|
 
|
 +
|X
 +
|The legal caretaker must provide evidence of their parental or guardian status and their consent must specify the part of the body to be pierced.
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|??
 +
<!-- |A parent, managing conservator or legal guardian must physically accompany a child under the age of 18 to get a body piercing in Texas. The legal caretaker must provide evidence of their parental or guardian status and their consent must specify the part of the body to be pierced. -->
 +
|-
 +
|Utah
 +
|18
 +
|X
 
|
 
|
 +
|A piercer has to assign a personal ID number to a client and follow all proper protocol before piercing someone s/he did not know was a minor.
 +
|Class B misdemeanor
 +
|civil penalty of $1,000 for each violation
 +
<!-- |Any piercing artist who agrees to pierce a minor must have the consent of the minor's parent or legal guardian in Utah. It's a Class B misdemeanor to knowingly pierce a minor without proper consent. The owner or operator of an establishment where a minor has been unlawfully pierced is subject to a civil penalty of $1,000 for each violation. A piercer will only be found guilty of violating this rule if s/he did not assign a personal ID number to a client and follow all proper protocol before piercing someone s/he did not know was a minor. -->
 +
|-
 +
|Vermont
 +
|18
 +
|X (most shops)
 +
|X (most shops)
 
|
 
|
 +
|no state-wide regulations, seen as "unprofessional conduct"
 
|??
 
|??
−
<!-- |Minors may be pierced if a parent or legal guardian accompanies them to the piercing establishment and signs a document explaining the procedure and proper aftercare. They must also present proof of age, provide proof of guardianship or custody, and attest in writing that they are the minor's legal caretaker. Piercing a minor whose legal caretaker hasn't taken all these measures is a Class C misdemeanor that may result in imprisonment for up to 30 days or a fine of up to $50. -->
+
<!-- |Vermont law states that it's unprofessional conduct to tattoo or pierce a minor "in violation of the provisions of section 4102 of this title", but section 4102 only states that parental or guardian consent is required for an individual under the age of 18 to get tattooed. Therefore, there do not seem to be any state-wide regulations regarding piercing minors in Vermont. However, most piercing shops in Vermont have policies requiring parental or guardian consent and presence at the time a minor is pierced. -->
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Texas
+
|Virginia
 +
|18 (except ear piercings and piercings under the supervision of a medical doctor, registered nurse, or other medical personnel)
 
|
 
|
 +
|X
 
|
 
|
 +
|Class 1 misdemeanor
 +
|??
 +
<!-- |A parent or guardian must be present for their minor child to get a body piercing in Virginia. Exceptions include ear piercings and piercings performed under the supervision of a medical doctor, registered nurse, or other medical personnel. Virginia considers it a Class 1 misdemeanor to violate this rule. -->
 +
|-
 +
|Washington
 +
|18 (for tattoos)
 +
|X (most shops)
 +
|X (most shops)
 +
|
 +
|no rules
 +
|??
 +
<!-- |Washington state law mandates that no one under the age of 18 may be tattooed, but there do not seem to be any rules regarding piercing. There's been much debate about this among legislators, but no new laws have been implemented. However, most body piercing professionals in Washington will not serve clients younger than 18 without parental supervision. Some shops even require that the attending parent or guardian provide proof of identification and legal custody. -->
 +
|-
 +
|West Virginia
 +
|18 (for tattoos)
 +
|X (most shops)
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|??
 
|??
−
<!-- |A parent, managing conservator or legal guardian must physically accompany a child under the age of 18 to get a body piercing in Texas. The legal caretaker must provide evidence of their parental or guardian status and their consent must specify the part of the body to be pierced. -->
+
<!-- |West Virginia law currently only requires parental or guardian consent before a minor can be tattooed. There are no rules regarding piercing minors, but professional piercers tend to follow the common protocol of requiring consent by a parent or legal guardian before piercing a minor. -->
 +
|-
 +
|Wisconsin
 +
|16-17
 +
|X
 +
|X
 +
|Piercing establishments are required to clearly post that it's illegal to pierce anyone under the age of 18 without a parent or guardian's informed written consent. Shops must maintain consent forms for 2 years after piercing anyone.
 +
|see: Wisconsin Administrative Code
 +
|??
 +
<!-- |Wisconsin Administrative Code dictates that no one under the age of 16 may be pierced, and that those ages 16-17 can only be pierced if a parent or legal guardian signs an [[informed consent]] form in the presence of the piercer or shop operator. Piercing establishments are required to clearly post that it's illegal to pierce anyone under the age of 18 without a parent or guardian's informed written consent. Shops must maintain consent forms for 2 years after piercing anyone. -->
 +
|-
 +
|Wyoming
 +
|18
 +
|X
 +
|X
 +
|Piercers must verify patrons' ages by examining proper identification.
 +
|misdemeanor
 +
|imprisonment for up to 6 months and/or a fine of up to $750
 +
<!-- |No one may pierce a minor in Wyoming without consent of the minor's parent or legal guardian, who must be present at the time the procedure is performed. Piercers must verify patrons' ages by examining proper identification. It's a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for up to 6 months and/or a fine of up to $750 to pierce a minor without proper consent and parental presence during the piercing procedure. -->
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
==Tattoos==
 +
 
 +
===Europe===
 +
There is no special European law which defines age limits for tattoos on minors. Various European countries have different or even no regulations.
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
!Country
 +
!With parent's consent
 +
!Without parent's consent
 +
!Law since
 +
!Special remarks
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Utah
+
|Austria
 +
|16
 +
|18
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|Belgium
 +
|??
 +
|??
 
|
 
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
|Bulgaria
 +
|??
 +
|??
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|??
 
−
<!-- |Any piercing artist who agrees to pierce a minor must have the consent of the minor's parent or legal guardian in Utah. It's a Class B misdemeanor to knowingly pierce a minor without proper consent. The owner or operator of an establishment where a minor has been unlawfully pierced is subject to a civil penalty of $1,000 for each violation. A piercer will only be found guilty of violating this rule if s/he did not assign a personal ID number to a client and follow all proper protocol before piercing someone s/he did not know was a minor. -->
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Vermont
+
|Cyprus
 +
|18
 +
|18
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|Czech Republic
 +
|??
 +
|??
 
|
 
|
 +
|no regulation found
 +
|-
 +
|[[Denmark]]
 +
|18
 +
|18
 +
|1966-06-15
 +
|Tattoos forbidden on head, neck, hands
 +
|-
 +
|Estland
 +
|??
 +
|??
 +
|
 +
|no regulation found
 +
|-
 +
|Finnland
 +
|16
 +
|18
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|??
 
−
<!-- |Vermont law states that it's unprofessional conduct to tattoo or pierce a minor "in violation of the provisions of section 4102 of this title", but section 4102 only states that parental or guardian consent is required for an individual under the age of 18 to get tattooed. Therefore, there do not seem to be any state-wide regulations regarding piercing minors in Vermont. However, most piercing shops in Vermont have policies requiring parental or guardian consent and presence at the time a minor is pierced. -->
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Virginia
+
|France
 +
|16
 +
|16
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|Germany
 +
|16
 +
|16
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|Greece
 +
|18
 +
|18
 
|
 
|
 +
|does not apply for permanent make-up
 +
|-
 +
|Hungary
 
|??
 
|??
−
<!-- |A parent or guardian must be present for their minor child to get a body piercing in Virginia. Exceptions include ear piercings and piercings performed under the supervision of a medical doctor, registered nurse, or other medical personnel. Virginia considers it a Class 1 misdemeanor to violate this rule. -->
+
|??
 +
|
 +
|no regulation found
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Washington
+
|Ireland
 +
|14-16
 +
|18
 
|
 
|
 +
|(many shops)
 +
|-
 +
|Italy
 +
|??
 +
|??
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|Kroatia
 +
|16
 +
|18
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|Latvia
 +
|??
 
|??
 
|??
−
<!-- |Washington state law mandates that no one under the age of 18 may be tattooed, but there do not seem to be any rules regarding piercing. There's been much debate about this among legislators, but no new laws have been implemented. However, most body piercing professionals in Washington will not serve clients younger than 18 without parental supervision. Some shops even require that the attending parent or guardian provide proof of identification and legal custody. -->
+
|
 +
|no regulation found
 
|-
 
|-
−
|West Virginia
+
|Lithuania
 +
|??
 +
|??
 
|
 
|
 +
|no regulation found
 +
|-
 +
|Luxembourg
 +
|??
 +
|??
 
|
 
|
 +
|no regulation found
 +
|-
 +
|Malta
 +
|18
 +
|18
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|Netherlands
 +
|<16
 +
|16
 
|
 
|
 +
|Tattoo shop has to keep signed consent for 10 years.
 +
|-
 +
|Poland
 +
|??
 
|??
 
|??
−
<!-- |West Virginia law currently only requires parental or guardian consent before a minor can be tattooed. There are no rules regarding piercing minors, but professional piercers tend to follow the common protocol of requiring consent by a parent or legal guardian before piercing a minor. -->
+
|
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Wisconsin
+
|Portugal
 +
|??
 +
|18
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|Romania
 +
|18
 +
|18
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|Slowakia
 +
|??
 +
|??
 
|
 
|
 +
|no regulation found
 +
|-
 +
|Slowenia
 +
|??
 
|??
 
|??
−
<!-- |Wisconsin Administrative Code dictates that no one under the age of 16 may be pierced, and that those ages 16-17 can only be pierced if a parent or legal guardian signs an informed consent form in the presence of the piercer or shop operator. Piercing establishments are required to clearly post that it's illegal to pierce anyone under the age of 18 without a parent or guardian's informed written consent. Shops must maintain consent forms for 2 years after piercing anyone. -->
+
|
 +
|no regulation found
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Wyoming
+
|Spain
 +
|14-16
 +
|18
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|Sweden
 +
|18
 +
|18
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|
+
|-
−
|??
+
|UK
−
<!-- |No one may pierce a minor in Wyoming without consent of the minor's parent or legal guardian, who must be present at the time the procedure is performed. Piercers must verify patrons' ages by examining proper identification. It's a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for up to 6 months and/or a fine of up to $750 to pierce a minor without proper consent and parental presence during the piercing procedure. -->
+
|18
 +
|18
 +
|1969-05-16
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
==References==
+
{{REF}}
−
<references />
 
  
−
==External Links==
+
[[Category:Law]]

Latest revision as of 13:45, 25 August 2022

There are several laws for minor interventions, compared to genital mutilation of minors, which show the double standards in many countries on behalf of protecting children.

Spanking

In many countries, spanking children as education measure was common until recently. More and more countries now forbid violence against children by law.

Germany

In 2000, Germany finally forbid violence against children as a parental right. See § 1631 BGB.

Sweden

Already in 1979, Sweden became one of the first nations to forbid spanking children by law.[1]

Body piercing

In many countries, piercing of minors is not allowed by law. Here is a list of some countries (to be continued):

Germany

Minors from 7 to 17 years are allowed to do business and contracts in the appropriation of their pocket money without consent of their parents, as German Civil Code states in section 110 (so-called pocket money paragraph). This is also true for body piercings and tattoos if the child is capable of discernment.[2]

UK

There are basic standards that apply across Britain. The law prohibits piercing the genitals of anyone under 16, the age of sexual consent, or the nipples of a girl under 16. In England, there is no age limit for piercing tongues, boys’ nipples or less intimate body parts. In Scotland, any piercings, even of earlobes, require parental approval before age 16.[3]

Area Genitals Nipples (female) Tongue Nipples (male) Other body parts
Britain 16 16 16 16 16
England 16 16 0 0 0
Scotland 16 16 16 16 16
Wales 18 18 18 18 18


USA

The USA have varying state regulations for piercing minors. The following list has been adapted from the website painfulpleasures.com[4].

State Age Limit Approval Offence Penalty
Written, informed consent from parent / legal guardian Presence of parent or guardian during piercing Additional obligations
Alabama 18 X ?? ??
Alaska 18 X X The piercer must keep a copy of the written permission on file for a minimum of 3 years Class B misdemeanor ??
Arizona 18 X Class 6 felony ??
Arkansas 18 X X misdemeanor fine between $20 and $200
California 18 (except ear piercings) X OR parent or guardian providing notarized approval ?? ??
Colorado 18 X (express consent) petty offense $250 fine
Connecticut 18 X ?? ??
Delaware 18 X ?? ??
District of Columbia free - - - none yet ??
Florida 18 X X (optional) ?? ??
Georgia 18 X misdemeanor ??
Hawaii free (16+ for navel and ear piercings in many shops) (present valid photo ID in many shops) (nipple and genital piercings excluded) ?? ??
Idaho 14 (except earlobe piercing) X (in the presence of the person performing the piercing or an employee or agent of the piercer) misdemeanor offense fine of up to $500; 2nd offence within a year of the first one, they may be fined another $500 to $1,000
Illinois 18 (exception for emancipated or married minors) X Class C misdemeanor (Allowing a minor unaccompanied by a parent or legal guardian to step foot into a tattoo and piercing shop is deemed a Class A misdemeanor.) ??
Indiana 18 X X ?? ??
Iowa free for piercings, 18 for tattoos parental consent, some shops won't pierce or tattoo anyone under the age of 18 under any circumstances, even with parental consent ??
Kansas 18 X (notarized) X Piercers must keep copies of written permission to pierce minors on file for 5 years. Class A misdemeanor ??
Kentucky 18 X (notarized) ?? ??
Louisiana 18 X X ?? fine between $100 and $500 and/or imprisoned for 30-100 days.
Maine 18 (some shops have different rules, e.g. 15+ for navels and noses, 16+ for eyebrows and tongues) X ?? ??
Maryland 18 (free for ear piercing) X (in the presence of the piercer or his or her employee) from $300 for a first offense to $3,000 for multiple violations
Massachusetts 18 (only for nipple and genital piercings) X (various guidelines in different shops) ??
Michigan 18 X (in the presence of the piercer or their employee) ??
Minnesota 18 X (witnessed) X misdemeanor ??
Mississippi 18 (except earlobe) X misdemeanor ??
Missouri 18 X (in the presence of a piercer or their agent) X misdemeanor 1st offense: up to $500, repeated offenses: additional $500 to $1,000.
Montana 18 X X fine up to $500 and/or imprisoned for up to 6 months. (A second offense may result in a fine of up to $1,000, up to 6 months in prison, or both.)
Nebraska 18 X X Piercers have to save written consent forms for at least 5 years. unprofessional conduct may jeopardize a piercer's license to practice
Nevada 18 X X (in Clark County) state- or school-issued picture identification must be provided both by the child and their guardian, and that a photocopy of the IDs must be kept on file with all related paperwork, which should include a signed release form ??
New Hampshire 18 X X Shops must maintain records of piercing minors for 7 years. ??
New Jersey 18 X "disorderly persons offense" ??
New Mexico 18 X (e.g. Albuquerque City, hand-written and notarized; except ear piercing) X if no written and notarized consent has been hand-delivered unregulated none
New York 18 X X Shops must keep consent forms on file for a minimum of 12 months. ??
North Carolina 18 (except earlobes) X ??
North Dakota 18 X X misdemeanor to sell tattoo or piercing equipment to a minor ??
Ohio 18 X X ??
Oklahoma 18 X X misdemeanor up to 90 days of imprisonment, a fine of up to $5,000, or both
Oregon 18 X X If a facility fails to obtain a consent form prior to piercing a minor, though, they are violating state law and subject to disciplinary action.
Pennsylvania 18 X X 3rd degree misdemeanor fine of $100, imprisonment for up to 3 years, or both.
Rhode Island 18 X ??
South Carolina 18 not approvable not approvable ??
South Dakota 18 X (required in many shops) no state-wide regulations ??
Tennessee 18 X X They must also present proof of age, provide proof of guardianship or custody, and attest in writing that they are the minor's legal caretaker. Class C misdemeanor imprisonment for up to 30 days or a fine of up to $50.
Texas X The legal caretaker must provide evidence of their parental or guardian status and their consent must specify the part of the body to be pierced. ??
Utah 18 X A piercer has to assign a personal ID number to a client and follow all proper protocol before piercing someone s/he did not know was a minor. Class B misdemeanor civil penalty of $1,000 for each violation
Vermont 18 X (most shops) X (most shops) no state-wide regulations, seen as "unprofessional conduct" ??
Virginia 18 (except ear piercings and piercings under the supervision of a medical doctor, registered nurse, or other medical personnel) X Class 1 misdemeanor ??
Washington 18 (for tattoos) X (most shops) X (most shops) no rules ??
West Virginia 18 (for tattoos) X (most shops) ??
Wisconsin 16-17 X X Piercing establishments are required to clearly post that it's illegal to pierce anyone under the age of 18 without a parent or guardian's informed written consent. Shops must maintain consent forms for 2 years after piercing anyone. see: Wisconsin Administrative Code ??
Wyoming 18 X X Piercers must verify patrons' ages by examining proper identification. misdemeanor imprisonment for up to 6 months and/or a fine of up to $750

Tattoos

Europe

There is no special European law which defines age limits for tattoos on minors. Various European countries have different or even no regulations.

Country With parent's consent Without parent's consent Law since Special remarks
Austria 16 18
Belgium ?? ??
Bulgaria ?? ??
Cyprus 18 18
Czech Republic ?? ?? no regulation found
Denmark 18 18 1966-06-15 Tattoos forbidden on head, neck, hands
Estland ?? ?? no regulation found
Finnland 16 18
France 16 16
Germany 16 16
Greece 18 18 does not apply for permanent make-up
Hungary ?? ?? no regulation found
Ireland 14-16 18 (many shops)
Italy ?? ??
Kroatia 16 18
Latvia ?? ?? no regulation found
Lithuania ?? ?? no regulation found
Luxembourg ?? ?? no regulation found
Malta 18 18
Netherlands <16 16 Tattoo shop has to keep signed consent for 10 years.
Poland ?? ??
Portugal ?? 18
Romania 18 18
Slowakia ?? ?? no regulation found
Slowenia ?? ?? no regulation found
Spain 14-16 18
Sweden 18 18
UK 18 18 1969-05-16

References

  1. ↑ https://sweden.se/society/smacking-banned-since-1979
  2. ↑ https://www.refrago.de/Ab_wann_duerfen_sich_Jugendliche_taetowieren_und_piercen_lassen.frage142.html
  3. ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/01/world/europe/uk-piercings-wales.html
  4. ↑ https://info.painfulpleasures.com/help-center/information-center/piercing-minors
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