Ischemia of the glans penis: Difference between revisions

Line 41:

Male circumcision frequently includes excision of the [[frenulum]], which carries the frenular artery. The frenular artery supplies arterial blood to to the [[glans penis]], so the excission of the frenulum reduces the supply of arterial blood to the glans penis.

~~In addition, circumcision severs veins on~~ the ~~dorsal side~~ of ~~the shaft which return~~ blood to the heart. This frequently results in post-circumcision [[lymphoedema]] due to the reduction in blood circulation. Ferhatoglu et al. (2019) reported edema in 108 of 198 patients or 54.5 percent, indicating substantial impairment of circulation.<ref>{{REFjournal

Circumcision also disrupts the return flow of blood to the heart. Veins in the prepuce provide "at least part of the drainage of the glans surface."<ref name="mcgrath2001">{{REFbook

|last=McGrath

|first=Ken

|init=

|author-link=

|year=2001

|title=The Frenular Delta: A New Preputial Stucture

|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/mcgrath1/

|work=Understanding Circumcision: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to a Multi-Dimensional Problem

|editor=Denniston GC, Hodges FM, Milos MF, editors.

|edition=

|volume=

|chapter=

|pages=

|location=New York

|publisher=Kluwer/Plenum,

|ISBN=

|quote=

|accessdate=2022-02-20

|note=

}}</ref> Moreover, the dorsal veins from the [[acroposthion]] are severed and excised by circumcision. This frequently results in post-circumcision [[lymphoedema]] due to the reduction in blood circulation. Ferhatoglu et al. (2019) reported edema in 108 of 198 patients or 54.5 percent, indicating substantial impairment of circulation.<ref>{{REFjournal

|last=Ferhatoglu

|first=

@@ Line 41: / Line 41: @@
 Male circumcision frequently includes excision of the [[frenulum]], which carries the frenular artery. The frenular artery supplies arterial blood to to the [[glans penis]], so the excission of the frenulum reduces the supply of arterial blood to the glans penis.
-In addition, circumcision severs veins on the dorsal side of the shaft which return blood to the heart. This frequently results in post-circumcision [[lymphoedema]] due to the reduction in blood circulation. Ferhatoglu et al. (2019) reported edema in 108 of 198 patients or 54.5 percent, indicating substantial impairment of circulation.<ref>{{REFjournal
+Circumcision also disrupts the return flow of blood to the heart. Veins in the prepuce provide "at least part of the drainage of the glans surface."<ref name="mcgrath2001">{{REFbook
+ |last=McGrath
+ |first=Ken
+ |init=
+ |author-link=
+ |year=2001
+ |title=The Frenular Delta: A New Preputial Stucture
+ |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/mcgrath1/
+ |work=Understanding Circumcision: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to a Multi-Dimensional Problem
+ |editor=Denniston GC, Hodges FM, Milos MF, editors.
+ |edition=
+ |volume=
+ |chapter=
+ |pages=
+ |location=New York
+ |publisher=Kluwer/Plenum,
+ |ISBN=
+ |quote=
+ |accessdate=2022-02-20
+ |note=
+}}</ref> Moreover, the dorsal veins from the [[acroposthion]] are severed and excised by circumcision. This frequently results in post-circumcision [[lymphoedema]] due to the reduction in blood circulation. Ferhatoglu et al. (2019) reported edema in 108 of 198 patients or 54.5 percent, indicating substantial impairment of circulation.<ref>{{REFjournal
   |last=Ferhatoglu
   |first=