Michel Garenne
Michel L. Garenne, Ph.D.[a 1] (demography), is Director of Research at the French Institute for Research and Development (IRD) and is currently working at the Institut Pasteur, Emerging Diseases Unit, in Paris. He is also honorary Associate Professor at the University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. He directed the Niakhar Demographic Surveillance System in Senegal in the 1980s and has collaborated with the Agincourt Health and Demographic Surveillance System in South Africa since 1992. He is the author of numerous publications on population and health issues in Africa, and has taught demography at several universities in Europe (Paris, Clermont‑Ferrand, Heidelberg, Antwerp), and in the United States (Harvard).
His main research interest is on public health issues seen from a demographic perspective.[1]
Contents
No net effect of circumcision on HIV
In 2022, Garenne investigated the complex relationships between circumcision and HIV prevalence in Lesotho and found no net effect of circumcision on HIV. The study (see below) questions the amount of effort and money spent on VMMC in Lesotho.
Population-based studies
New population-based studies (2021) confirm Garenne's findings.
September 2021 saw the publication of two huge population studies on the relationship of circumcision and HIV infection:
- Mayan et al. (2021) carried out a massive empirical study of the male population of the province of Ontario, Canada (569,950 males), of whom 203,588 (35.7%) were circumcised between 1991 and 2017. The study concluded that circumcision status is not related to risk of HIV infection.[2]
- Morten Frisch & Jacob Simonsen (2021) carried out a large scale empirical population study in Denmark of 855,654 males regarding the alleged value of male circumcision in preventing HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in men. They found that circumcised men have a higher rate of STI and HIV infection overall than intact men.[3]
No association between lack of circumcision and risk of HIV infection was found by either study. There now is credible evidence that the massive, expensive African circumcision programs have not been effective in preventing HIV infection.
Publications
Garenne M. Age-incidence and prevalence of HIV among intact and circumcised men: an analysis of PHIA surveys in Southern Africa. J Biosoc Sci. 26 October 2022; : 1-13. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 27 October 2022.- Garenne M. Changing relationships between HIV prevalence and circumcision in Lesotho. J Biosoc Sci. 4 April 2022; online ahead of print: 1-16. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
- Mapanga W, Masukume G, Garenne M. Impact of excluded studies on medical male circumcision and HIV risk compensation (letter). Lancet Global Health. 1 November 2021; 9(11): E1505. DOI.
- Garenne M, Matthews A. Voluntary medical male circumcision and HIV in Zambia: expectations and observations. J Biosoc Sci. 1 October 2019; 14: 1-13. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
Garenne M: La circoncision dans le monde gréco-romain : Aspects historiques, philosophiques et légaux
, in: Des limites à la volonté de puissance ? (Essais de Philosophie Pénale et de Criminologie). Philippe Conte & Stamatios Tzitzis (eds.). Vol. 12. Paris: Daloz. Pp. 7-22. ISBN 978-2-247-16290-1.- Garenne M, Giami A, Perrey C (2013):
8: Male circumcision and HIV control in Africa: Questioning scientific evidence and decision making process
, in: Global Health in Africa. Tamara Giles-Vernick & James Webb (eds.). Ohio Press University. - Garenne M. La circoncision médicale masculine comme outil d’une politique sanitaire : le marketing de la science. (Commentaires sur un article de A. Giami, C. Perrey et al). Sciences Sociales et Santé. 2012; 30(1): 39-46.
- Garenne M (2010):
Mass campaigns of male circumcision for HIV control in Africa: Clinical efficacy, Population effectiveness, Political issues
, in: Genital Autonomy. Protecting Personal Choice. Denniston GC, Hodges FM, Milos MF (eds.). Dordrecht: Springer. Pp. 49-60. - Garenne M. Long-term population effect of male circumcision in generalized HIV epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa. African Journal of AIDS Research. 2008; 7(1): 1-8.
- Garenne M. Male circumcision as a public health policy: ethical challenges [e-letter for Rennie et al.]. Journal of Medical Ethics. 3 July 2007; 33(6): 357-61.
- Garenne M. Male circumcision and HIV control in Africa [Letter]. PLoS Medicine. 2006; 3(1): e78.
External links
Publications on PubMed
. Retrieved 12 April 2022.-
Publications on Google Scholar
. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
Abbreviations
- ↑
Doctor of Philosophy
, Wikipedia. Retrieved 16 June 2021. (Also abbreviated as D.Phil.)
References
- ↑
Michel Garenne
, Demographic Research. Retrieved 12 April 2022. - ↑ Mayan M, Hamilton RJ, Juurlink DN, Austin PC, Jarvi KA. Circumcision and Risk of HIV Among Males From Ontario, Canada. J Urol. 23 September 2021; PMID. DOI. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
Quote:We found that circumcision was not independently associated with the risk of acquiring HIV among men from Ontario, Canada.
- ↑ Frisch M, Simonsen J. Non-therapeutic male circumcision in infancy or childhood and risk of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections: national cohort study in Denmark. Eur J Epidemiol. 26 September 2021; 37: 251–9. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 16 January 2022.