Changes

* '''Seham Abd el Salam Muhammed, MD,''' research fellow, Department of Sociology-Anthropology, the American University in Cairo, member of the Egyptian FGM Task Force, founder of Resource Center of FGM Cairo, Egypt.<br>* '''John Aldous''', co-founder E.B.-N.O.R.M. (Everyman’s Birthright - National Organization of Restoring Men). Everard Park, South Australia.<br>* '''Zenas Baer''', JD, attorney concentrating on Federal Civil Rights Litigation. Hawley, Minnesota, USA.<br>* '''Jeannine Parvati Baker''', MS, co-founder, Six Directions non-profit educational organisation, author and lecturer. Joseph, Utah, USA.<br>* '''Peter Ball''', MA, MB, B.Chir., retired family practitioner, producer and director, non-surgical foreskin restoration video. Turnbridge Wells, Kent, UK.<br>* '''Gillian A. Bensley''' conducted research study for Bachelor of Social Science(Honours) degree in Psychology. Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.<br>* '''[[Dan Bollinger| Daniel H. Bollinger]], III''', BA, founder and Director, Wabash Men’s Council,Indiana, USA.<br>* '''Charles Bonner''', JD, civil rights, personal injury, and medical malpractice attorney. Sausalito, California, USA.<br>* '''[[Gregory Boyle| Gregory J. Boyle]]''', PhD, Professor of Psychology, Bond University. Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.<br>* '''Mary Conant''', RN, conscientious objector to circumcision, co-founder, Nurses for the Rights of the Child. Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA.<br>* '''[[Robert Darby]]''', PhD, scholar and editor, researched the history of the rise and decline of routine circumcision in Australia for his book on the subject. Canberra, Australia.<br>* '''[[Paul M. Fleiss| Paul Fleiss]]''', MD, MPH, paediatrician. Los Angeles, California, USA.<br>* '''Tracey Gemmel''', candidate for Postgraduate Diploma of Professional Psychology, Bond University. Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.<br>* '''Pia Grassivaro Gallo''', PhD, associate professor, general biology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Padua. Padua, Italy.<br>* '''Yngve Hofvander''', paediatrician, Professor, International Child Health, Uppsala University, Sweden, consultant to the Swedish International Development Authority, World Health Organization, and UNICEF. Uppsala, Sweden.<br>* '''[[Frederick M. Hodges| Frederick Mansfield Hodges]]''', DPhil (Oxon), medical historian, co-editor, Male and Female Circumcision: Medical, Legal, and Ethical Considerations in Pediatric Practice (Kluwer Academic/Plenum Press 1999). University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. <br>* '''LeYoni Junos''', Director, Amnesty International Bermuda, Bermuda Human Rights Commissioner. Hamilton, Bermuda.<br>* '''Michael Katz''', MD, Vice President of Research for the March of Dimes. White Plains, New York, USA.<br>* '''DaiSik Kim''', PhD, Professor, Department of Physics, Seoul National University. Seoul, Korea. <br>* '''Sae Chul Kim''', MD, Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chung Ang University, Seoul, Korea.<br>* '''Tina Kimmel''', MSW, MPH, doctoral candidate in public health, University of California, Berkeley, Director, NOCIRC of California – East Bay. Oakland, California, USA.<br>* '''Peter Lawrence''', MS, doctoral candidate, University of Sydney, counsellor,and founder of UNCIRC of Australia in 1994. Sydney, NSW, Australia.<br>* '''Els Leye''', Female Genital Mutilation Project Coordinator, International Centre for Reproductive Health. Ghent, Belgium.<br>* '''[[Hanny Lightfoot-Klein]]''', MA, cross-cultural sexologist and clinical supervisor,The American Board of Sexology, author, Prisoners of Ritual: An Odyssey Into Female Genital Mutilation, A Woman’s Odyssey into Africa: Tracks Across a Life, and Genital Surgery and the Rights of Children. Tucson, Arizona, USA.<br>* '''Linda Massie''', BSc, PG/Dip, founder and Director, NOCIRC of Northern Ireland. Glen gormley, County Antrim, Northern Ireland.<br>* '''Brett McCann''', Counsellor, Sexual Health Clinic, Sydney Hospital, President, Australasian Sexual Health Counsellors Society. Sydney, NSW, Australia.<br>* '''[[Ken McGrath| Kenneth A. McGrath]]''', VRD, Msc(Hons), LIBiol, MNZIMLS, RNZNVR (Rtd), Senior Lecturer in Pathology, Faculty of Health Studies, Auckland University of Technology. Auckland, New Zealand.<br>* '''[[Marilyn Fayre Milos]]''', RN, co-founder and Director, NationalOrganization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers(NOCIRC), Coordinator, International Symposia on Genital Integrity. San Anselmo, California, USA.<br>* '''Pandy S. Ndimwibo''', BA SWASA, DIP PPM, PGD Counselling,Chairman of the Uganda Reproductive Health Bureau. Kampala, Uganda, Africa.<br>* '''Juliana Nkrumah''', MS, Community Education and Development Officer, NSW Education Program on FGM, Ethnic Affairs Commission of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.<br>* '''Myung-Geol Pang''', PhD, GenDix, Co., Korea, Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University. Seoul, Korea.<br>* '''Shane Peterson''', PhD, International Office for Men’s Health and Gender Studies, School of Nursing and Public Health, Edith Cowan University. Canberra, ACT, Australia.<br>* '''Royal Phillips''', CBE, international childbirth instructor, columnist, Montecito Journal. Santa Barbara, California, USA.<br>* '''Samuel M. Ramos''' conducted research study for Bachelor of Social Science (Honours) degree in Psychology at Bond University. Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.<br>* '''Samuel Richmond''', BA, MLS, librarian and Director, NOCIRC of California - Irvine. Irvine, California, USA.<br>* '''William Sides''', Managing Director of Sides Engineering, developed the “Pill Tube” foreskin restoration method. Wheelers Hill, Victoria,Australia.<br>* '''[[Morris L. Sorrells| Morris Sorrells]]''', MD, retired paediatrician, consultant. Atherton, California, USA.<br>* '''[[J. Steven Svoboda]]''', JD, founder and Director, Attorneys for the Rights of the Child (ARC), Berkeley, California, USA.<br>* '''Moisés Tractenberg''', MD, psychoanalyst, author, Director, NOCIRC of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.<br>* '''[[John W. Travis]]''', MD, MPH, founder and co-director, Wellness Associates, author, Wellness Inventory and the Wellness Workbook, co-founder, International Coalition for Genital Integrity, co-founder, Alliance for Transforming the Lives of Children. East Gipsland, Victoria, Australia.<br>* '''J. Neville Turner''', LLB (Hons), BA, barrister and solicitor, authored six books and numerous articles on child and family law, board member and former president of Oz Child. Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.<br>* '''Franco Viviani''', PhD, professor, physical education, cultural anthropology, and general biology, University of Padua. Padua, Italy.<br>* '''[[Shelton Walden| Shelton Harrison Walden]]''', BA, Executive Producer and host, Walden’s Pond, WBAI radio, teacher, High School for Environmental Studies. New York, New York, USA.<br>* '''[[John Warren]]''', MB, DCH, FRCP, founder and Director, National Organization of Restoring Men (NORM-UK), Director, NOCIRC of UK. Harlow, Essex, UK.<br>* '''Norma Wilcox''', RN, MS, Director, Urological/GynecologicalTeaching Associate Programs, Stanford University and University of California/San Francisco Schools of Medicine and Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine. San Francisco, California, USA.<br>* '''George Williams''', MB, ChB, FRACP, consultant paediatrician/perinatologist, founder and Director, NOCIRC of Australia. Menai, New South Wales, Australia.<br>* '''[[Hugh Young]]''', BSc, journalist and radio producer, Auckland, Whangarei, Honiara (Solomon Islands), Gisborne, and Wellington. Pukerua Bay, Aotearoa, New Zealand.<br>* '''Avshalom Zoossmann-Diskin''', PhD, '''Avraham Kahana''', and '''Ronit Tamir''', members, The Israeli Association Against Genital Mutilation. '''Avshalom Zoossmann-Diskin''', PhD, currently a medical student in Australia is Director, The Israeli Association Against Genital Mutilation. Sturt, South Australia, Australia.

== Proceedings == <center><big><big>Programme</big></big></center><center><big>Thursday, 7 December</big></center><br><b>0800–0900: Registration</b><br><b>0900–0915: Welcome and Opening Remarks• * ''Marilyn Milos and George Williams''</b><br><b>0915–1000: Keynote Address: Ending Enforced Genital Cutting of Children and Violation of Their Human Rights: Ethical, Psychological and Legal Considerations• ''Gregory J. Boyle''</b><br><b>1000–1115: An Overview • ''George Williams, Moderator''</b><br> Historical Revisionism in Recent Medical History: An Exposé and Analysis • ''Frederick Mansfield Hodges''<br>A Source of Serious Mischief: The Demonisation of the Foreskin and the Rise of Preventive Circumcision in Australia, 1880–1930 • ''Robert Darby''<br>Compulsion to Circumcise is Constant, the Reasons Keep Changing • ''Michael Katz''<br> <b>1115–1130: Break</b><br> <b>1130–1300: Legal and Ethical Considerations of Genital Mutilation • ''George Williams, Moderator''</b><br> Comparative Legal Analysis of Body Mutilation Practices on Children • ''J. Steven Svoboda'' <br>Equal Protection Case Studies in the Scope and Limit of Gender-Based Discrimination Under State and Federal Constitutions • ''Zenas Baer''<br /> Human Rights of Children in the New Millennium: Legal Developments in the Fight for Children’s Genital Integrity Throughout the World • ''Charles Bonner''<br /> Doctors, Be Warned! Circumcise Today and You Could Be Sued Tomorrow! • ''[[Gregory J. Neville Turner''<br><b>1300–1430: Lunch</b> <br><b>1430–1600: Religious Considerations • ''Tina Kimmel, Moderator''</b> <br>An Epistolary Debate with David Ben Gurion About Jewish Circumcision: The Psychoanalytic Outlook • ''Moisés Tractenberg''<br>Attitude, Knowledge, and Change Among Israeli Jewish Students Regarding Male Genital Mutilation • 'Boyle]]'Avshalom Zoossmann-Diskin, Avraham Kahana, Ronit Tamir Bris Shalem'': <br>Toward a Covenant of Wholeness • ''Samuel Richmond''<br> Limitations to Practices of a Belief or Religion in International Human Rights Law – Case Study: Genital Mutilation in the Judaic Tradition • ''LeYoni Junos''<br><b>1600–1615: Break</b><br><b>1615–1700: Breaking Through Medical and Media Bias• ''Tina Kimmel, Moderator''</b><br>The White Coat of Silence: How to Create Change in Medical School Curricula and Survive Physician Opposition • ''Norma Wilcox''<br>The Struggle for Media Access and International Recognition • ''Shelton Harrison Walden''<br><b>1700–1730: Discussion</b>

<center><big>Friday* '''Legal and Ethical Considerations of Genital Mutilation''': ''George Williams, 8 December</big></center>Moderator'':* Comparative Legal Analysis of Body Mutilation Practices on Children:: ''[[J. Steven Svoboda]]'':* Equal Protection Case Studies in the Scope and Limit of Gender-Based Discrimination Under State and Federal Constitutions:: ''Zenas Baer'':* Human Rights of Children in the New Millennium: Legal Developments in the Fight for Children’s Genital Integrity Throughout the World:: ''Charles Bonner'':* Doctors, Be Warned! Circumcise Today and You Could Be Sued Tomorrow!:: ''J. Neville Turner''

<b>0800–0900: Registration<br>0900–1115: International News • ''Peter Ball, Moderator''</b><br>A Review of Circumcision in New Zealand: “I never liked doing them and I was pleased to give it up.”• ''Hugh Young and Kenneth A. McGrath''<br>Circumcision Rates in UK Males • ''John Warren''y<br>Prevention of Genital Mutilation: A Community Research and Development Project in Northern Ireland • ''Linda Massie'' <br>Circumcision of Boys in Sweden: Proposal for Government Regulation • ''Yngve Hofvander* '' <br>Prince for a Day: The Sumbawa Circumcision Ritual• 'Religious Considerations'Royal Phillips'' <br>Discussion <br><b>1115–1130: Break</b><br>1130–1300: Female Genital Mutilation• ''Juliana NkrumahTina Kimmel, Moderator''<br>FGM: Getting the * An Epistolary Debate Happening at the Grassroots – The Australian Experience • ''Juliana Nkrumah''<br>Egyptian Intellectuals and Genital Integrity• ''Seham Abd el Salam Mohammed''<br>Female with David Ben Gurion About Jewish Circumcision: Its Effects on the Reproductive Health of Adolescents • ''Pandy Ndimwibo''<br>The Struggle Against Female Genital Mutilation/Female Circumcision: The European Experience • ''Els Leye''<br>Psychoanalytic Outlook<b>1300-1430: Lunch</b><br><b>1430-1545: Female Genital Mutilation (continued)'' Sunna BudninMoisés Tractenberg'':</b> <br>An Alternative Ritual to Infibulation* Attitude,Invented and Carried Out in the Merka DistrictKnowledge, Somalia • ''Pia Grassivaro Gallo and Franco Viviani''<br>Change Among Israeli Jewish Students Regarding Male Genital Mutilation of Children:: Where Are We Now and Where Are We Going? • ''Hanny LightfootAvshalom Zoossmann-Klein''<br><b>1545-1630Diskin, Avraham Kahana, Ronit Tamir:* Bris Shalem: Toward a Covenant of Wholeness:: International Symposia on Genital Integrity Award Presentations • ''Marilyn Milos, ModeratorSamuel Richmond''</b><br><b>1630–1645: Break</b><br><b>1645–1730: Address * Limitations to Practices of the Recipient of the a Belief or Religion in International Human Rights AwardLaw – Case Study: Genital Mutilation in the Judaic Tradition: Over 100% Circumcision Rate: The Short and Bizarre History of South Korean Circumcision ''DaiSik Kim, Myung-Geol Pang, Sae Chul KimLeYoni Junos''</b>

<center><big>Saturday==== Friday, 9 8 December</big></center>====

<b>0800–0900: Registration</b><br>* '''International News'''<b>0900–1115: Psychological Aspects of Genital Mutilation• ''Gregory J. BoylePeter Ball, Moderator''</b><br>Sigmund Freud, Male Circumcision and the Mind: * A Psychoanalytic Review • ''George Williams'' <br>Physical, Sexual, and Psychological Impact of Male Infant Circumcisionin New Zealand: An Exploratory Study • ''Gillian A. Bensley “I never liked doing them and Gregory JI was pleased to give it up. Boyle''<br>Neonatal Circumcision”: Long-Term Harmful Effects• ''Tracey Gemmel and Gregory J. Boyle''<br>Ritual and Medical Circumcision Among Filipino Boys: Evidence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder • ''Samuel M. Ramos Hugh Young and Gregory J. Boyle''<br>Counselling Approaches for Acute Post-Circumcision Stress Disorder: A Case Study • ''Brett McCann and Peter Lawrence'' <br>How to Respond to the Doctor Who Says You Must Circumcise Your Son • ''Paul Fleiss''<br><b>1115–1130: Break</b><br>1130–1300: What Exactly Is Lost With Genital Cutting? • ''Morris Sorrells, Moderator'' <br>Separation of the Two Sensory Platforms of the Human Penis• ''Kenneth A. McGrath''<br>A Novel Research Study :* Circumcision Rates in Assessing Penile Sensitivity/Insensitivity Without a Measuring Device • ''Peter Lawrence'' <br>Touch-Test Sensory Evaluation Research: Preliminary Findings• ''Morris Sorrells and Tina Kimmel''<br>Discussion<br>UK Males<b>1300–1430: Lunch</b><br><b>1430–1500: Addressing the Wounds • ''Peter Ball, ModeratorJohn Warren''</b><br>Assaulted and Mutilated: A Personal Account * Prevention of Circumcision Trauma • ''Shane Peterson''<br><b>1500-1630: Concurrent Session A: Male Genital Mutilation and Foreskin Restoration • ''Peter Ball, Moderator''</b><br>Circumcision: A Festering Wound • ''Daniel H. Bollinger, III''<br>Current Foreskin Restoration Practices in Australia • ''John M. Aldous''<br>A report on the evolution Community Research and growth of foreskin restoration Development Project in Sydney Australia, since 1994 • ''Peter Lawrence''<br>Northern IrelandDoctors, File Information, and Activists Can be Worse than the Circumciser’s Knife • ''William Sides''<br>Foreskin Restoration: a video • ''Peter Ball''<br><b>1500–1630: Concurrent Session B: The Role of Women in Ending Genital Mutilation • ''Jeannine Parvati Baker, Mary Conant, Linda Massie, Marilyn Fayre Milos, Moderators''</b><br><b>1630–1645: Break</b><br><b>1645–1730: Closing Keynote Address: * Circumcision as a Part of the Normative Abuse of ChildrenBoys in Sweden: Essentials Proposal for Transforming the Lives of Children Government Regulation:: ''John W. TravisYngve Hofvander''<br>1730–1800:* Prince for a Day: The Sumbawa Circumcision Ritual: Closing: ''Jeannine Parvati BakerRoyal Phillips''</b>

* '''Female Genital Mutilation''': ''Juliana Nkrumah, Moderator'':* FGM: Getting the Debate Happening at the Grassroots – The proceedings are published in Australian Experience:: ''Juliana Nkrumah'':* Egyptian Intellectuals and Genital Integrity:: ''Seham Abd el Salam Mohammed'':* Female Circumcision: Its Effects on the Reproductive Health of Adolescents:: ''Pandy Ndimwibo''[https:* The Struggle Against Female Genital Mutilation//www.amazon.com/s?k=Understanding+Female Circumcision%3A+A+Multi-Disciplinary+Approach+: The European Experience:: ''Els Leye'':* Sunna Budnin: An Alternative Ritual to+a+Multi-Dimensional+Problem&i=stripbooks&ref=nb_sb_noss_2Understanding CircumcisionInfibulation, Invented and Carried Out in the Merka District, Somalia:: ''Pia Grassivaro Gallo and Franco Viviani'':* Genital Mutilation of Children: Where Are We Now and Where Are We Going?:: A Multi''[[Hanny Lightfoot-Disciplinary Approach to a Multi-Dimensional ProblemKlein]]'', edited by George C. Denniston, Frederick Mansfield Hodges, and Marilyn Fayre Milos, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Press, 2001.<br>

* '''International Symposia on Genital Integrity Award Presentations''': ''[[Marilyn Fayre Milos]], Moderator'' * '''Address of the Recipient of the Human Rights Award: Over 100% Circumcision Rate: The Short and Bizarre History of South Korean Circumcision''': ''DaiSik Kim, Myung-Geol Pang, Sae Chul Kim'' ==== Saturday, 9 December==== * '''Psychological Aspects of Genital Mutilation''': ''[[Gregory J. Boyle]], Moderator'':* Sigmund Freud, Male Circumcision and the Mind: A Psychoanalytic Review:: ''George Williams'':* Physical, Sexual, and Psychological Impact of Male Infant Circumcision: An Exploratory Study:: ''Gillian A. Bensley and [[Gregory J. Boyle]]'':* Neonatal Circumcision: Long-Term Harmful Effects:: ''Tracey Gemmel and [[Gregory J. Boyle]]'':* Ritual and Medical Circumcision Among Filipino Boys: Evidence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder:: ''Samuel M. Ramos and [[Gregory J. Boyle]]'':* Counselling Approaches for Acute Post-Circumcision Stress Disorder: A Case Study:: ''Brett McCann and Peter Lawrence'':* How to Respond to the Doctor Who Says You Must Circumcise Your Son:: ''Paul Fleiss'' * '''What Exactly Is Lost With Genital Cutting?''': ''[[Morris L. Sorrells]], Moderator'':* Separation of the Two Sensory Platforms of the Human Penis:: ''Kenneth A. McGrath'':* A Novel Research Study in Assessing Penile Sensitivity/Insensitivity Without a Measuring Device:: ''Peter Lawrence'':* Touch-Test Sensory Evaluation Research: Preliminary Findings:: ''[[Morris L. Sorrells]] and Tina Kimmel'' * '''Addressing the Wounds''': ''Peter Ball, Moderator'':* Assaulted and Mutilated: A Personal Account of Circumcision Trauma:: ''Shane Peterson'' * '''Concurrent Session A: Male Genital Mutilation and Foreskin Restoration''': ''Peter Ball, Moderator'':* Circumcision: A Festering Wound:: ''Daniel H. Bollinger, III'':* Current Foreskin Restoration Practices in Australi:: ''John M. Aldous'':* A report on the evolution and growth of foreskin restoration in Sydney Australia, since 1994:: ''Peter Lawrence'':* Doctors, File Information, and Activists Can be Worse than the Circumciser’s Knife:: ''William Sides'':* Foreskin Restoration: a video:: ''Peter Ball'' * '''Concurrent Session B: The Role of Women in Ending Genital Mutilation''': ''Jeannine Parvati Baker, Mary Conant, Linda Massie, [[Marilyn Fayre Milos]], Moderators'' * '''Closing Keynote Address: Circumcision as a Part of the Normative Abuse of Children: Essentials for Transforming the Lives of Children''': ''[[John W. Travis]]'' * '''Closing''': ''Jeannine Parvati Baker'' {{PUB}}The proceedings are published in* {{REFbook |year=2001 |title=Understanding Circumcision: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to a Multi-Dimensional Problem |url=https://www.springer.com/de/book/9780306467011 |editor=[[George C. Denniston]], [[Frederick M. Hodges]], and [[Marilyn Fayre Milos]] |publisher=Springer (Kluwer Academic/Plenum Press) |isbn=978-1-4419-3375-1 |accessdate=2019-12-31}} ==Symposium organisersorganizers ==* [[Marilyn Fayre Milos]], RN, [http://www.nocirc.org National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers]

* Dr. [[Gregory J. Boyle]], Bond University* Dr. [[Frederick M. Hodges]], Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine, University of Oxford.