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== Proceedings ==
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* '''Pia Grassivaro Gallo''', PhD, Associate Professor of Anthropology, University of Padua’s Psychology Faculty, and former teacher of Applied Biology, Human Genetics, and Anthropogenetics. Her research on the biology of current human populations has taken place in several developing countries, particularly Somalia (from 1972 to 1985). At the invitation of the Somali Ministry of Public Health (1981), she was invited to take part in a scientific mission to Somaliland. Since 1988, she has been responsible for the Padua Working Group on FGM, dealing with African immigrants in Italy. Since 2000, she has studied the expansive forms of the traditional interventions on female genitalia, carrying out field research in Central Africa (Uganda, Malawi, and Congo RDC). She was co-coordinator of the VIIIth International Symposium on Circumcision and Human Rights. Padua, Italy.
* '''[[John V. Geisheker]]''', JD, a native of New Zealand, is the Executive Director of [[Doctors Opposing Circumcision]], an international non-profit organization based in Seattle, Washington. As Director of D.O.C., he appears at medical and childbirth conventions, as well as educational institutions, presenting on the medical science and bioethics of merely cultural, non-therapeutic infant genital surgeries. He is the author of numerous publications on the subject. A law professor by education, he has been a litigator, law lecturer, arbitrator, and mediator, specializing in medical disputes for 27 years. Most recently, he and D.O.C. successfully defended Misha Boldt, a 14-year-old facing an involuntary religious conversion, including non-therapeutic circumcision, a cause that was eventually appealed to the United States Supreme Court. Mr. Geisheker is proud that, in the 1960s, his native [[New Zealand]] fully abandoned medicalized infant circumcision as unethical and unnecessary. Seattle, Washington, USA.\
* '''Antonio Iaria''', is former director of the Psychiatric Hospital of Santa Maria della Pietà in Rome and has been responsible for the Transcultural Psychiatric Group, which also works in Rome. He has worked in Somalia for several years at the Faculty of Medicine of the Somali National University. He was co-founder, with Professor Grassivaro Gallo, of the Padua Working Group on FGM, University of Padua. Padua, Italy.
* '''James Loewen''' is a photographer, videographer, and intactivist. Since 1993, his work has been increasingly focused on ending the genital mutilation of infants and children. His videotaped interviews can be seen at Bonobo3D on Youtube. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
* '''Gillian Longley''', RN, BSN, MSS, the mother of two grown intact sons, is a registered nurse with 11 years experience in newborn nursery and neonatal intensive care. For the last five years, she has been co-coordinator of NOCIRC of Colorado. Her recent master’s degree research was a content analysis of how parent circumcision handouts present the alternative of not circumcising. Boulder, Colorado, USA.
* '''Paul Mason''', JD, was appointed Commissioner for Children for the Australian State of Tasmanian in 2007. The Commissioner is a State appointment independent of the elected government of the day and responsible for advising government about all matters concerning the health, welfare, development, education of children and their protection from all forms of abuse and neglect. His other primary function is to raise public awareness about these matters. Before that, he had three decades’ experience working in all areas of family law, including complex parenting and child protection cases, both as a solicitor and barrister across Australia. He is deeply committed to the human rights of children and a strong believer in their capacity to make valuable contributions to all decisions affecting their welfare and development. Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. * '''Linda Massie''', BSc, PGDip, is currently the director of NOCIRC of Northern Ireland, a voluntary charity that she established following the attempted suicide of her eldest son due to circumcision trauma. In 2009, Linda was awarded funding from UnLtd, the foundation for Social Entrepreneurs and she is developing an educational outreach project for counsellors and psychologists in Northern Ireland on the emotional consequences associated with genital surgeries on children. Linda is currently a member of Business and Professional Women UK, Ltd., which has co-funded this presentation. Glengormley, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. * '''Ken McGrath''', VRD, Msc(Hons), LIBiol, MNZIMLS, Senior Lecturer in Pathology in the Faculty of Health, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand, has made a lifelong study of the male genitalia, which he has taught to medical students. His research interests are the innervation of the penis and fungal diseases of the skin. Auckland, NZ.
* '''[[Marilyn Fayre Milos]]''', RN, is the founder and director of the National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers ([[NOCIRC]]) and coordinator of the International Symposia on Circumcision, Sexual Mutilations, and Genital Integrity. She is the co-editor of the symposia books, ''Sexual Mutilations: A Human Tragedy'' (1997), ''Male and Female Circumcision: Medical Legal and Ethical Considerations in Pediatric Practice'' (1999), ''Understanding Circumcision: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to a Multi-Dimensional Problem'' (2001), ''Flesh and Blood: Perspectives on the Problem of Circumcision in Contemporary Society'' (2004), ''Bodily Integrity and the Politics of Circumcision: Culture, Controversy, and Change'' (2006), ''Circumcision and Human Rights'' (Springer 2008), ''Genital Autonomy: Protecting Personal Choice'' (2010), editor of the NOCIRC Annual Newsletter, and the NOCIRC Fall Update. San Anselmo, California, USA.
* '''Soraya Miré''' was born in Somalia, immigrated to Europe at age 17, and studied literature and political science at the University of Grenoble. In 1984, Miré moved to Los Angeles to begin a film career. She is an award-winning director, writer, and activist. Her segment on FGM was featured in the Vagina Monologues and her documentary, Fire Eyes, which highlights the barbaric practice of FGM, was featured at the International Women’s Conference in Beijing, the United Nations International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo, the Sundance Film Festival in Utah, and the United Nations in Geneva. Miré has received numerous awards, including the “Humanitarian Award” (United Nations Sub-Commission Sessions), “Winnie Mandela Award” (John Jay College of Criminal Justice), “Best Documentary” (United Nations International Conference on Population and Development), “Human Rights Award” (International Symposia on Circumcision), and Intact America’s “Personal Courage Award 2009.” She has appeared on the Oprah Winfrey Show, CNN, and Nightline with Ted Koppel. She lectures at colleges and universities and has stood before committees at the UN, US Senate Human Resources and Health Assembly, and the World Health Organization. She works with medical professionals, government officials, and women and families who have been affected by FGM, persistently protecting human rights. Los Angeles, California, USA.
* '''Miriam Pollack''', an educator in private practice, has been advocating for genital integrity for Jewish as well as non-Jewish baby boys for the past 19 years by writing, speaking, counseling Jewish parents, and providing alternative brit b’lee milah ceremonies for interested parents. Her article, “Circumcision: A Jewish Feminist Perspective,” was published in Jewish Women Speak Out: Expanding the Boundaries of Psychotherapy (Canopy Press, 1995), her paper, “Circumcision: Redefining the Sacred,” was published in ''Sexual Mutilations: A Human Tragedy'' (New York and London: Plenum Press, 1997), and her paper, “Circumcision: If It Isn’t Ethical, Can It Be Spiritual?,” was published in ''Circumcision and Human Rights'' (2009). She appeared in the documentary, Whose Body, Whose Rights? Boulder, Colorado, USA.
* '''Clare Puskarczyk''' received her MA in Consciousness Stud-ies at John F. Kennedy University in the San Francisco Bay Area. She is a PhD candidate in Philosophy and Religion at the California Institute of Integral Studies in San Francisco, with a focus on Philosophy, Cosmology, and Consciousness. Her primary interest has been the consciousness of children. Denver, Colorado, USA.
* '''Elizabeth Reis''', PhD, is associate professor of Women’s and Gender Studies and History at the University of Oregon. She is the author of ''Bodies in Doubt: An American History of Intersex'' (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009) and ''Damned Women: Sinners and Witches in Puritan New England''(Cornell, 1997). She received her PhD in history from the University of California, Berkeley. Eugene, Oregon, USA.
* '''Mark D. Reiss''', MD, a retired radiologist, graduated in the first class of Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, is an active member of a Conservative synagogue, originator of Celebrants of Brit Shalom, and the Executive Vice President of [[Doctors Opposing Circumcision]] (D.O.C.). San Francisco, California, USA.
* '''Hatem Kamal Saied''', BSc, Graduate Diploma, MSc Science, physics and IT, Alexandria University, is the founder of the first Arabic online society opposing MGM. Alexandria, Egypt.
* '''Dolores Sangiuliano''', RN, an active member of NOCIRC of Colorado, has been an intactivist for 24 years and a registered nurse for 20 years. She works primarily with psychiatric and detox populations. She is a devoted mother of five, and is currently working on a baccalaureate in nursing with the intention of infiltrating academia and the nursing profession with the genital integrity message. Boulder, Colorado, USA.
* '''David Smith''' was educated at St. Joseph’s College, Market Drayton, and he qualified in business studies at Underwood College. He worked for Re-Solv, a solvent abuse charity, and is currently General Manager of NORM-UK, a charity dedicated to giving men a choice. He created and now edits NORM NEWS, the organization’s magazine for members and concerned individuals. Stone, Staffordshire, UK.
* '''Michelle R. Storms''', MD, is an Assistant Director and the Research Director for the Marquette Family Medicine Residency Program in Marquette, Michigan. She is an assistant clinical professor at Michigan State University College of Human Medicine. After graduating from Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Dr. Storms completed her Family Medicine residency training at St. Mary’s Hospital in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. While a resident physician, she developed an aversion to neonatal circumcision, which led her to challenge the status quo by refusing to perform circumcision post-residency. For ten years, she has provided support to the resident physicians in her program who are conscientious objectors to circumcision. Dr. Storms has published on the topic of circumcision individually and in collaboration with Robert Van Howe, MD. Marquette, Michigan, USA.
* '''Moisés Tractenberg''', MD, received his Bachelor of Philosophy degree in 1955 and his degree in medicine from the Faculdade de Medicina de Pôrto Alegre, Universidade do Rio Grand do Sul in 1959. He did his psychoanalytic training at the Asociación Psicoanalítica, Argentina in Buenos Aires from 1960-1965. Dr. Tractenberg is an Associate Member of Asoción Psicoanalítica, Argentina, Full Member and Training Analyst of Asociación Psicoanalítica Argentina, Full Member of the International Psychoanalytic Association, London, and, upon his return to Brazil in 1976, Full Member and Training Analyst at Sociedade Psichoanalítica do Rio de Janeiro from 1976 to 1996. He is a Full Member and Training Analyst at Sociedade Brasileira de Psicanálise do Rio de Janeiro since 1982, and the founder and editor of Journal of Psychoanalysis of Rio de Janeiro from 1989 to 1992. He is the author of Psychoanalysis of Circumcision (five editions), Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalysts in the XXIth Century, Curative Factors in Psychoanalysis, Psychoanalytic Chronicles for the Midia, and Abraham, Sarah and Hagar. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
* '''John W. Travis''', MD, MPH, specialized in preventive medicine at Johns Hopkins University, founded the first wellness center in the US (1975), co-authored several books, includ- ing the ''Wellness Workbook'' (Random House/Ten Speed Press, 1981, 1988, 2004), and developed the Wellness Inventory, used by corporations, hospitals, spas, and wellness coaches in many countries around the world. In 1999, along with Marilyn Milos and 11 other experts, he co-founded the Alliance for Transforming the Lives of Children (aTLC.org), dedicated to ending normative abuse. He now promotes ''full-spectrum wellness'', which embraces body, mind, emotions, and spirit, encompassing our entire lifespan and connecting all aspects of our environment—including infants, children, adults, community, and planet. He is an adjunct professor at both the California Institute for Integral Studies and the Master of Wellness program at Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University in Melbourne, Australia. Mullumbimby, New South Wales, Australia.
* '''Maria Chiara Turrini''', PhD, is a researcher in applied geology (Engineering Geology) at Ferrara University. Thanks to her experience, she, along with friends and students, has helped create a volunteer association, ''Water for Life''. Headquartered in Ferrara since its founding in 2002, the association has worked in Somalia in close collaboration with the Homonymous Association of Trento. The associations are working together with a Somali community in Ayuub village, near the town of Merka, on projects of agriculture, education, and empowerment of women. Ferrara, Italy.
* '''Robert S. Van Howe''', MD, MS, graduated from Loyola-Stritch School of Medicine, completed a pediatrics residency at the Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and received a Masters of Science in Clinical Research Design and Statistical Analysis from the University of Michigan School of Public Health. He is a Clinical Professor at Michigan State University College of Human Medicine and a full-time pediatrician for Bell Memorial Hospital in Ishpeming, Michigan. Dr. Van Howe has researched and published extensively on neonatal circumcision. He has lectured worldwide and provided expert testimony in court cases involving circumcision. His goal is to provide an evidence-based and scientific appraisal of the medical literature on this topic. He is considered a leading expert on neonatal circumcision, which led to his being a consultant for the World Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control, and the American Academy of Pediatrics. Marquette, Michigan, USA.
* '''Franco Viviani''', PhD, a physical anthropologist, is professor of anthropology applied to psychology at the Department of Applied Psychology, University of Padua. He has been involved with studies about FGM and, as the director of NOCIRC of Italy, on studies about male circumcision. He has published scientific papers and articles on these topics and has presented some of his research in the popular media.
* '''Astrik Vardanyan''', BA, MA, received her BA in English linguistics and literature from the Institute of Foreign Languages, Yerevan, Armenia, in 1996, and her master’s degree in anthropology at California State University, Northridge. She is a recipient of the McArthur scholarship in journalism, a fellowship at the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists in Chicago, Illinois, where she published articles on social and environmental issues. Her recent interests are cross-cultural child-rearing practices. She is an advocate of genital integrity for boys and girls, prolonged breastfeeding, co-sleeping, and natural birth. Vardanyan is inclined toward action or advocacy anthropology and employs her research to out-reach the general public through media, seminars, and small group and individual talks. Northridge, California, USA.
* '''B. Maurene White''', RN, graduated from Montreal General Hospital School of Nursing in 1962 and received a BTh in 1988, a DipEd in 1991, and a BA (medical anthropology) in 1997 from McGill University. She has worked in different areas of nursing, with special interest in perinatality and outpost work as a nurse practitioner in northern Canada. She currently does private case nursing, consulting, and has developed a health-tracking system as an iPhone and iPod application. Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
* '''David Wilton''', JD, received his undergraduate degree from the University of Texas at El Paso and his law degree from the South Texas College of Law. He has a long-standing interest in issues of body integrity and HIV/AIDS. He blogs at Male Circumcision and HIV (www.circumcisionandhiv.com) while maintaining a full-time law practice specializing in criminal defense. His primary interests, outside of nurturing a debate on the controversial measure of removing sexual tissue to reduce the spread of HIV, are in the areas of criminal justice, languages, and journalism. San Francisco, California, USA.
* '''Hugh Young''', BSc, is a retired broadcaster and editor with a science background. He has published two dictionaries, of Solomon Islands Pijin and New Zealand Maori place name pronunciation (oral, now online at ngaingoa.notlong.com). He has presented three papers at genital integrity symposia, on the rise and fall of circumcision in New Zealand (with Ken McGrath), on circumcision as a memeplex, and on the foreskin and circumcision in popular media, subsequently published. For more than 11 years he has maintained the Intactivism Pages, www.circumstitions.com, a pro-intact website. Pukerua Bay, New Zealand.
== Proceedings ==
==Symposium Organizers==
The Symposium was sponsored by the [[NOCIRC| National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers]] and [[Intact America]].
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