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</blockquote>
==Informed consent for non-therapeutic circumcision of minor boys==
* {{REFjournal
|last=Svoboda
|first=J. Steven
|author-link=J. Steven Svoboda
|last2=Van Howe
|first2=Robert S.
|author2-link=Robert S. Van Howe
|last3=Dwyer
|first3=James G.
|author3-link=
|etal=no
|title=Informed Consent for Neonatal Circumcision: An Ethical and Legal Conundrum
|trans-title=
|language=English
|journal=J Contemp Health Law Policy
|location=
|date=2000-09
|volume=17
|issue=1
|pages=61-133
|url=https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1166&context=facpubs
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=11216345
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=
|accessdate=2020-07-21
}}
==Information for parents regarding non-therapeutic circumcision of infant boys.==
This section is for all, but is addressed primarily to parents of boys who are located in the United States of America, who appear to be most uninformed or misinformed about the foreskin and circumcision.
The medical trade associations, such as the [[American Academy of Pediatrics]], the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the [[American Academy of Family Physicians]], and the American Urological Association have a primary responsibility to their fellows (members) of advancing the profitability of medical practice. Consequently their public statements regarding medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic circumcision of boys are strongly biased in favor of promoting the practice, so that their fellows can earn more money for the additional service of circumcision. The public statements are silent on the human rights of the child-patient and the multiple physiological functions of the foreskin. They describe "potential" benefits which are imagined benefits that cannot be proved to actually exist. They understate the risks of the surgical procedure, which can include loss of the penis and death. They are silent on the sexual and psychological harms of having part of the penis amputated. For all of these reasons, their statements should not be used as a basis for informed consent.
For some reason this information is not making it to parents. Studies have shown that doctors provide parents with almost no accurate or useful information about circumcision.
|publisher=emedicinehealth
|accessdate=2020-06-22
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/ethics/
|title=The Bioethics of the Circumcision of Male Children
|last=
|first=
|date=2013-10-07
|accessdate=2020-07-21
}}