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}}</ref>, covering the research areas Islam and the West, Islam and Women, and Islam in Europe. She  == Politics ==Ayaan Hirsi Ali served as a member of the Dutch Parliament from 2003 to 2006. ===Male circumcision===After [[Ayaan Hirsi Ali]] asked if male circumcision could be made illegal, the Dutch Justice Minister Piet Hein Donner claimed that circumcision was not traumatic and he saw no reason to make it illegal.<ref name="donner2004">{{REFnews |title=Justice Minister against outlawing circumcision |url=http://www.cirp.org/news/radionetherlands10-07-04/ |last= |first= |coauthors= |publisher=Radio Netherlands |website= |date=2004-10-07 |accessdate=2021-09-16 |quote=}}</ref>