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→Other adverse effects: Revise text, Wikify.
===Other adverse effects===
# Circumcision is a surgical [[amputation]] of functional tissue. The various [https://foreskinfunction.org/ functions ] cease to operate. If the patient does not like the results, it cannot be reversed or undone.
# Recovery from adolescent or adult circumcision is slow and painful. [[Erection]]s are painful because the [[skin]] is stretched and the sutures are stressed. [[Wound dehiscence]] may occur.
# The [[foreskin]] is protective of the [[glans penis]]. After the foreskin is amputated, the [[glans penis ]] is exposed so that it touches clothing and other things. Some men report this causes extreme pain so that they cannot wear pants for an extended time. The pain subsides when the glans penis starts to build a layer of keratin to protect itself. The [[keratinization]] of the glans penis causes loss of sensation in the glans. Some circumcised men complain of discomfort due to the head being permanently exposed.
# The foreskin has [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin| immunological functions]] that protect from disease. Circumcised populations have a higher incidence of [[HIV]] than intact populations.<ref name="denniston2020">{{REFdocument
|title=World Health Organization, HIV, and male circumcision
|accessdate=2021-02-13
}}</ref>
# The heavily innervated [[ridged band]] is located on the foreskin and is always amputated along with the foreskin. The [[Foreskin sensitivity| most sensitive regions in the intact penis ]] are those parts ablated by circumcision.<ref>{{Sorrells etal 2007}}</ref> There is great loss of sensation caused by the [[amputation]] of this structure. It appears that many [[intact ]] males are unaware of the source of sensation and are shocked by the loss of sensation after circumcision.
# The abundance of [[skin]] in the foreskin allows [[gliding action]]. Gliding action facilitates [[masturbation]] and [[vagina| intercourse]]. The shortening of [[penile skin]] reduces or eliminates gliding action. The loss of gliding action may cause [[dyspareunia]].
# Painful [[erection]]s may occur due to lack of sufficient [[skin]] to allow for expansion of the penis.