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# Circumcision is a surgical [[amputation]] of functional tissue. The various [https://foreskinfunction.org/ functions] cease to operate. If the patient does not like the results, it cannot be reversed or undone.
# Recovery from adolescent or adult circumcision is slow and painful. [[Erection]]s are painful because the [[skin]] is stretched and the sutures are stressed. [[Wound dehiscence]] may occur.
# The [[foreskin]] is protective of the [[glans penis]]. After the foreskin is amputated, the [[glans penis]] is exposed so that it touches clothing and other things. Some men report this causes extreme pain so that they cannot wear pants for an extended time. The pain subsides when the glans penis starts to build a layer of keratin to protect itself. The [[keratinization]] of the glans penis causes loss of sensation in the glans. Some circumcised men complain of discomfort due to the head being permanently exposed.
# The foreskin has [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin| immunological functions]] that protect from disease. Circumcised populations have a higher incidence of [[HIV]] than intact populations.<ref name="denniston2020">{{REFdocument
|title=World Health Organization, HIV, and male circumcision
# The erect penis may be shorter due to lack of sufficient [[skin]] to allow full expansion.
# There always will be a [[circumcision scar]] that encircles the shaft of the penis.
# The exposed [[glans penis]] will protect itself from friction by developing a layer of keratin and become cracked and hardened. The [[keratinization]] of the glans penis will reduce its sensitivity.
==Warning==