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→Disruption of blood circulation: Add citation.
==Disruption of blood circulation==
Male circumcision frequently includes excision of the [[frenulum]], which carries the frenular artery. <ref>{{REFjournal |last=Shenoy |first= |init=SP |author-link= |last2=Marla, |first2= |init2=PK |author2-link= |last3=Sharma |first3= |init3=P |author3-link= |etal=yes |title=Frenulum Sparing Circumcision: Step-By-Step Approach of a Novel Technique |trans-title= |language= |journal=J Clin Diagn Res. |location= |date=2015-12 |volume=9 |issue=12 |article= |page= |pages=PC01-PC03 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4717729/ |archived= |quote= |pubmedID=26816940 |pubmedCID=4717729 |DOI=10.7860/JCDR/2015/14972.6860 |accessdate=2022-02-20}}</ref> The frenular artery supplies arterial blood to to the [[glans penis]], so the excission excision of the frenulum reduces the supply of arterial blood to the glans penis.
Circumcision also disrupts the return flow of blood to the heart. Veins in the prepuce provide "at least part of the drainage of the glans surface."<ref name="mcgrath2001">{{REFbook