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'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' with a non-retractile [[foreskin]] in the [[United States]] and [[Canada]] frequently presents unique issues caused by the poor training and lack of knowledge of North American health care providers, who do not know how to insert a catheter when the boy has an [[intact]] foreskin. Such providers may attempt premature [[forced foreskin retraction]] to the harm of the boy or even demand that the boy be [[circumcised]] to permit catheter insertion. These issues do not occur in other advanced nations where health care providers are properly trained in the care of [[intact]] boys. Carmack & Milos (2017) identified the issues with [[intact]] boys and provided all necessary information on the technique of inserting a catheter in an intact boy.<ref name="carmack2017">{{REFjournal

}}</ref> Such providers may attempt premature [[forced foreskin retraction]] to the harm of the boy or even demand that the boy be [[circumcised]] to permit catheter insertion. These issues do not occur in other advanced nations where health care providers are properly trained in the care of [[intact]] boys. Carmack & Milos (2017) identified the issues with [[intact]] boys and provided all necessary information on the technique of inserting a catheter in an intact boy.<ref name="carmack2017" /> A [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5349724/pdf/0630218.pdf PDF version] is available and may be printed and provided to a health care provider.