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|chapter=130: Hypospadias
|isbn=978-1-4160-6911-9
}}</ref> Roughly 90% of cases are the less serious distal hypospadias, in which the [[urethra]]l opening (the [[Urinary meatus|meatus]]) is on or near the head of the [[Glans penis|penis glans]]. The remainder have proximal hypospadias, in which the meatus is all the way back on the shaft of the [[penis]], near or within the [[scrotum]]. Shiny tissue that should have made the [[urethra]] extends from the meatus to the tip of the glans; this tissue is called the [[urethral plate]].
The prevalance of hypospadias is highest in North America and lowest in Asia.<ref name="vanderhorst2017>{{REFjournal