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}}</ref> from at least as early as the 2nd century BCE.<ref>{{REFbook
| last=Glick | first=Leonard |author-link=Leonard Glick | year=2005 | title= Marked in Your Flesh | url= | editor= | edition= | volume= | chapter="This Is My Covenant", Circumcision in the World of Temple Judaism | pages=31 | location=New York, New York | publisher=Oxford University Press | isbn=0-19-517674-X | quote=Foreskin stretching (called "uncircumcision," or epispasm) appears to have been a common practice among Hellenized Jewish men... | accessdate=2011-09-23 | note=
}}</ref>
The sight of circumcised genitals at public baths or gymnasia would inspire laughter and ridicule. Jewish men who wished to gain acceptance in the larger social world gave themselves a presentable appearance by pulling the remaining foreskin forward as far as possible, and keeping it under enough tension to encourage permanent stretching toward its original length. Using a fibular pin or a cord, they pierced the front of the remaining foreskin, drew it forward, and fixed it in place; sometimes they would attach a weight to maintain tension. Over time the foreskin stretched and restored at least some of the appearance of an intact organ.<ref>{{REFbook
| last=Glick | first=Leonard |author-link=Leonard Glick | year=2005 | title=Marked in Your Flesh | url= | editor= | edition= | volume= | chapter="This Is My Covenant", Circumcision in the World of Temple Judaism | pages=31 | location=New York, New York | publisher=Oxford University Press | isbn=0-19-517674-X | quote=...some, eager for acceptance in the larger social world, gave themselves a presentable appearance by pulling the remaining foreskin forward... | accessdate=2011-09-23 | note=
}}</ref> Up until the 2th century, [[Jewish circumcision]] involved only partial foreskin removal. Rabbis of the 2th century mandated peri’ah, or the complete ablation of the foreskin in order to prevent Jewish men from engaging in foreskin restoration.<ref>{{REFbook
| last=Glick | first=Leonard |author-link=Leonard Glick | year=2005 | title=Marked in Your Flesh | url= | editor= | edition= | volume= | chapter="This Is My Covenant", Circumcision in the World of Temple Judaism | pages=31 | location=New York, New York | publisher=Oxford University Press | isbn=0-19-517674-X | quote=For obvious reasons this was anathema to the rabbis: tantamount to rejection of Judaism and defiance of rabbinic authority. | accessdate=2011-09-23 | note=
}}</ref>
| accessdate=2007-08-26
}}</ref><ref name=Joy-frenar>{{REFbook
| last=Bigelow | first=Jim |author-link=Jim Bigelow | year= | title=The Joy of Uncircumcising! | url= | editor= | edition= | volume= | chapter= | pages=13 | location= | publisher= | isbn=096304821X | quote= | accessdate= | note=
}}</ref> which helps to contract the tip of the foreskin so that it remains positioned over the glans, cannot be recreated. Restored foreskins can appear much looser at the tip and some men report difficulty in keeping the glans covered. Surgical "touch-up" procedures exist to reduce the orifice of the restored foreskin, recreating the tightening function of the band of muscle fibers near the tip of the foreskin, though they have not proven successful in every case.<ref name=Joy-touchup>{{REFbook
| last=Bigelow | first=Jim |author-link=Jim Bigelow | year= | title=The Joy of Uncircumcising! | url= | editor= | edition=1998 | volume= | chapter= | pages=188–192 | location= | publisher= | isbn=096304821X | quote= | accessdate= | note=
}}</ref> A loose effect can also be alleviated by creating increased length, but requires a longer commitment to the restoration program. In addition, several websites claim that the use of O-rings during the restoration program can train the skin to maintain a puckered shape.
Nonsurgical foreskin restoration does not restore portions of the [[Frenulum of prepuce of penis|frenulum]] or the [[ridged band]] removed during circumcision. Although not commonly performed, there are surgical [http://intactwiki.org/wiki/Category:Foreskin_restoration_touch-up_surgeries "touch-up" techniques] that can re-create some of the functionality of the frenulum and dartos muscle.<ref>Bigelow, Jim. The Joy of Uncircumcising!, pp. 188-191.</ref>
The process of foreskin restoration seeks to regenerate some of the tissue removed by circumcision, as well as providing coverage of the glans. According to research, the foreskin comprises over half of the skin and mucosa of the human penis.<ref>Taylor JR, Lockwood AP, Taylor AJ. {{REFweb
| quote=
| url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/taylor/
Several studies have suggested that the glans is equally sensitive in circumcised and uncircumcised males,<ref name="masters">{{REFbook
| last=Masters |first=William H. Masters; Virginia E. |last2=Johnson | firstfirst2=Virginia E. | year=1966 | title=Human Sexual Response | url= | editor= | edition= | volume= | chapter= | pages=189–91 | location=Boston | publisher=Little, Brown & Co | isbn=0-316-54987-8 | quote= | accessdate= | note=
}} (excerpt accessible [http://www.circs.org/library/masters/ here])</ref><ref name="bleustein">{{REFjournal
| last=Bleustein