Changes

It can frequently be found that the loss is denied, much as happens with the loss of other body parts. This denial can lead to fathers having their sons circumcised in order not to be reminded of their own loss. In this process, their own body is defined as "normal" and the [[foreskin]] redefined as a foreign object. Their own parents are seen as "good", so that this image is projected onto the circumcision their parents carried out as well, in order to keep the positive emotion intact. The father wants to be a "good" father later in life as well, and so, following an idealised image of his own parents, circumcision, which has been redefined as a "good thing", is passed on to his son by having him circumcised as well.<ref>van der Kolk BA. [http://www.cirp.org/library/psych/vanderkolk/ The compulsion to repeat the trauma: re-enactment, revictimization, and masochism]. ''Psychiatr Clin North Am '' 1989;12(2):389-411.</ref><ref>Goldman R. [http://www.cirp.org/library/psych/goldman1/ The psychological impact of circumcision]. ''BJU Int '' 1999;83 Suppl. 1:93-103.</ref>