Hypospadias: Difference between revisions

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'''Hypospadias''' is an absolute contraindication for neonatal [[circumcision]] until a paediatric surgeon evaluates the case.

'''Hypospadias''' is a common variation in fetal development of the [[penis]] in which the [[urethra]] does not open from its usual location in the head of the penis. It is the second-most common birth abnormality of the male reproductive system, affecting about one of every 250 males at birth.<ref name="Snodgrass">{{REFbook

'''Hypospadias''' is a common variation in fetal development of the [[penis]] in which the [[urethra]] does not open from its usual location in the head of the [[penis]]. It is the second-most common birth abnormality of the male reproductive system, affecting about one of every 250 males at birth.<ref name="Snodgrass">{{REFbook

|last=Snodgrass

|first=Warren

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|chapter=130: Hypospadias

|isbn=978-1-4160-6911-9

}}</ref> Roughly 90% of cases are the less serious distal hypospadias, in which the ~~urethral~~ opening (the [[Urinary meatus|meatus]]) is on or near the head of the [[Glans penis|penis glans]]. The remainder have proximal hypospadias, in which the meatus is all the way back on the shaft of the penis, near or within the [[scrotum]]. Shiny tissue that should have made the urethra extends from the meatus to the tip of the glans; this tissue is called the [[urethral plate]].

}}</ref> Roughly 90% of cases are the less serious distal hypospadias, in which the [[urethra]]l opening (the [[Urinary meatus|meatus]]) is on or near the head of the [[Glans penis|penis glans]]. The remainder have proximal hypospadias, in which the meatus is all the way back on the shaft of the [[penis]], near or within the [[scrotum]]. Shiny tissue that should have made the [[urethra]] extends from the meatus to the tip of the glans; this tissue is called the [[urethral plate]].

The prevalance of hypospadias is highest in North America and lowest in Asia.<ref name="vanderhorst2017>{{REFjournal

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}}</ref>

The foreskin frequently does not develop normally. The ventral portion of the foreskin may not develop so the foreskin takes the form of a dorsal flap.<ref name="vanderhorst2017 />

The [[foreskin]] frequently does not develop normally. The ventral portion of the foreskin may not develop so the foreskin takes the form of a dorsal flap.<ref name="vanderhorst2017 />

==Surgical repair==

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[[Category:Genital surgery]]

[[Category:Penile ~~disorders~~]]

[[Category:Penile disorder]]

[[Category:Literature]]

[[de:Hypospadie]]

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+'''Hypospadias''' is an absolute contraindication for neonatal [[circumcision]] until a paediatric surgeon evaluates the case.
 {{WikipediaQuote|URL=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypospadias}}
-'''Hypospadias''' is a common variation in fetal development of the [[penis]] in which the [[urethra]] does not open from its usual location in the head of the penis. It is the second-most common birth abnormality of the male reproductive system, affecting about one of every 250 males at birth.<ref name="Snodgrass">{{REFbook
+'''Hypospadias''' is a common variation in fetal development of the [[penis]] in which the [[urethra]] does not open from its usual location in the head of the [[penis]]. It is the second-most common birth abnormality of the male reproductive system, affecting about one of every 250 males at birth.<ref name="Snodgrass">{{REFbook
   |last=Snodgrass
   |first=Warren
@@ Line 13: / Line 15: @@
   |chapter=130: Hypospadias
   |isbn=978-1-4160-6911-9
-}}</ref> Roughly 90% of cases are the less serious distal hypospadias, in which the urethral opening (the [[Urinary meatus|meatus]]) is on or near the head of the [[Glans penis|penis glans]]. The remainder have proximal hypospadias, in which the meatus is all the way back on the shaft of the penis, near or within the [[scrotum]]. Shiny tissue that should have made the urethra extends from the meatus to the tip of the glans; this tissue is called the [[urethral plate]].
+}}</ref> Roughly 90% of cases are the less serious distal hypospadias, in which the [[urethra]]l opening (the [[Urinary meatus|meatus]]) is on or near the head of the [[Glans penis|penis glans]]. The remainder have proximal hypospadias, in which the meatus is all the way back on the shaft of the [[penis]], near or within the [[scrotum]]. Shiny tissue that should have made the [[urethra]] extends from the meatus to the tip of the glans; this tissue is called the [[urethral plate]].
 The prevalance of hypospadias is highest in North America and lowest in Asia.<ref name="vanderhorst2017>{{REFjournal
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 }}</ref>
-The foreskin frequently does not develop normally. The ventral portion of the foreskin may not develop so the foreskin takes the form of a dorsal flap.<ref name="vanderhorst2017 />
+The [[foreskin]] frequently does not develop normally. The ventral portion of the foreskin may not develop so the foreskin takes the form of a dorsal flap.<ref name="vanderhorst2017 />
 ==Surgical repair==
@@ Line 124: / Line 126: @@
 [[Category:Genital surgery]]
-[[Category:Penile disorders]]
+[[Category:Penile disorder]]
 [[Category:Literature]]
 [[de:Hypospadie]]