Tenets of Osteopathic Medicine: Difference between revisions

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===2. The body is capable of self-regulation, self-healing and health maintenance.===
===2. The body is capable of self-regulation, self-healing and health maintenance.===
[[Charles Darwin]] (1859) observed that survival of the fittest caused evolution. The [[foreskin]] was created and improved by [[Evolution of the foreskin| evolution]] to provide protection of the [[penis]] from both [[trauma]] and [[infection]].
[[Charles Darwin]] (1859) observed that survival of the fittest caused evolution. The [[foreskin]] was created and improved by [[Evolution of the foreskin| evolution]] to provide protection of the [[penis]] from both [[trauma]] and [[infection]]. Fleiss, Hodges & Van Howe (1998) enumerated numerous ways in which the foreskin protects against [[infection]].<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Fleiss
|first=
|init=PM
|author-link=Paul M. Fleiss
|last2=Hodges
|first2=
|init2=FM
|author2-link=Frederick M. Hodges
|last3=Van Howe
|first3=
|init3=RS
|author3-link=Robert S. Van Howe
|etal=no
|title=Immunological Functions of the Human Prepuce
|journal= Sex Transm Infect
|date=1998-10
|volume=74
|issue=5
|pages=364-7
|url=https://www.cirp.org/library/disease/STD/fleiss3/
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=10195034
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1136/sti.74.5.364
|accessdate=2026-03-18
}}</ref>


===3. Structure and function are reciprocally interrelated.===
===3. Structure and function are reciprocally interrelated.===
The human [[penis]] and its [[foreskin]] are excellent examples of the truth of this tenet.
===4. Rational treatment is based upon an understanding of the basic principles of body unity, self-regulation and the interrelationship of structure and function.===
===4. Rational treatment is based upon an understanding of the basic principles of body unity, self-regulation and the interrelationship of structure and function.===



Latest revision as of 15:48, 18 March 2026

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Osteopathic medicine is practiced in parallel with allopathic medicine in the United States.

The American Osteopathic Association (AOA) is the medical trade association for osteopathic doctors. The AOA has not enunciated a position regarding male circumcision, however the AOA has adopted four Tenets of Osteopathic Medicine that may be applied to both child circumcision and adult circumcision.

Tenets of Osteopathic Medicine

1. The body is a unit; the person is a unit of body, mind and spirit.

The harmful, adverse effects of circumcision upon the human person had, until recently, been ignored for many decades. Now there is increasing evidence of the harm of the pain, trauma, and amputation of the multi-functional foreskin upon the sexual and psychological well-being of the human person.

2. The body is capable of self-regulation, self-healing and health maintenance.

Charles Darwin (1859) observed that survival of the fittest caused evolution. The foreskin was created and improved by evolution to provide protection of the penis from both trauma and infection. Fleiss, Hodges & Van Howe (1998) enumerated numerous ways in which the foreskin protects against infection.[1]

3. Structure and function are reciprocally interrelated.

The human penis and its foreskin are excellent examples of the truth of this tenet.

4. Rational treatment is based upon an understanding of the basic principles of body unity, self-regulation and the interrelationship of structure and function.

See also

References

  1. REFjournal Fleiss PM, Hodges FM, Van Howe RS. Immunological Functions of the Human Prepuce. Sex Transm Infect. October 1998; 74(5): 364-7. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 18 March 2026.