International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Difference between revisions

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== Application of the ICCPR to non-therapeutic circumcision of children ==

Articles 1, 2, 7, 9, and 24 are applicable to male and female non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of children. Each nation that is a state-party under the ICCPR, which took effect in 1976, pledges to enforce those rights for its citizens.

The ICCPR protects male and female, young and old, without exception. There is no minimum age.

Articles 1, 2, 7, 9, and 24 are applicable to male and female non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of children. Each nation that is a state-party under the ICCPR, which took effect in 1976, pledges to enforce those rights for its citizens.

=== Article one ===

Article one provides in part:

1. All peoples have the right of self-determination, "By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development.

''IntactiWiki non-binding comment:''

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''IntactiWiki non-binding comment:''

: Non-therapeutic circumcision of children is cruel because it permanently deprives the victim of the optimum sexual function and pleasure for all of his life. It is degrading because it amputates a portion of the penis and renders it less functional.

: Non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of children is cruel because it permanently deprives the victim of the optimum [[Sexual injury of circumcision| sexual function]] and [[body pleasure| pleasure]] for all of his life. It is degrading because it [[amputation| amputates]] a portion of the [[penis]] and renders it less functional.

=== Article nine ===

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''IntactiWiki non-binding comment:''

: Security of person is the right to bodily integrity. Bodily integrity is compromised when part of the penis is amputated, so non-therapeutic circumcision of non-consenting children violates this provision of international law.

: Security of person is the right to bodily integrity. Bodily integrity is compromised when part of the [[penis]] is amputated, so non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of non-consenting children violates this provision of international law.

=== Article twenty-four ===

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''IntactiWiki non-binding comment:''

: When a child is denied protection from harmful, tissue-removing, non-therapeutic circumcision, this right is violated.

: When a child is denied protection from harmful, tissue-removing, non-therapeutic [[circumcision]], this right is violated.

== Application in the United States ==

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 == Application of the ICCPR to non-therapeutic circumcision of children ==
-Articles 1, 2, 7, 9, and 24 are applicable to male and female non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of children.   Each nation that is a state-party under the ICCPR, which took effect in 1976, pledges to enforce those rights for its citizens.
+The ICCPR protects male and female, young and old, without exception. There is no minimum age.
+Articles 1, 2, 7, 9, and 24 are applicable to male and female non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of children. Each nation that is a state-party under the ICCPR, which took effect in 1976, pledges to enforce those rights for its citizens.
 === Article one ===
 Article one provides in part:
-. All peoples have the right of self-determination,  "By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development.
+. All peoples have the right of self-determination, "By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development.
 ''IntactiWiki non-binding comment:''
@@ Line 49: / Line 51: @@
 ''IntactiWiki non-binding comment:''
-: Non-therapeutic circumcision of children is cruel because it permanently deprives the victim of the optimum sexual function and pleasure for all of his life. It is degrading because it amputates a portion of the penis and renders it less functional.
+: Non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of children is cruel because it permanently deprives the victim of the optimum [[Sexual injury of circumcision| sexual function]] and [[body pleasure| pleasure]] for all of his life. It is degrading because it [[amputation| amputates]] a portion of the [[penis]] and renders it less functional.
 === Article nine ===
@@ Line 58: / Line 60: @@
 ''IntactiWiki non-binding comment:''
-: Security of person is the right to bodily integrity. Bodily integrity is compromised when part of the penis is amputated, so non-therapeutic circumcision of non-consenting children violates this provision of international law.
+: Security of person is the right to bodily integrity. Bodily integrity is compromised when part of the [[penis]] is amputated, so non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of non-consenting children violates this provision of international law.
 === Article twenty-four ===
@@ Line 67: / Line 69: @@
 ''IntactiWiki non-binding comment:''
-: When a child is denied protection from harmful, tissue-removing, non-therapeutic circumcision, this right is violated.
+: When a child is denied protection from harmful, tissue-removing, non-therapeutic [[circumcision]], this right is violated.
 == Application in the United States ==