Difference between revisions of "Aaron Tobian"

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==Circumcision does not prevent HIV infection==
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=== Population-based studies ===
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{{Population-based studies}}
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===Two African surveys===
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The previously reported studies were from developed Western nations. Now we have information from Sub_Saharan Africa.
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French scientist [[Michel Garenne]], Ph.D. has published two reports in 2022 comparing the incidence of HIV infection in [[circumcised]] and [[intact]] men.
  
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== Population-based studies ==
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In his first report, Garenne presented the findings from a study in Lesotho, the enclave in South Africa. He reported:
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{{Population-based studies}}
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In couple studies, the effect of circumcision and VMMC on HIV was not significant, with similar transmission from female to male and male to female. The study questions the amount of effort and money spent on VMMC in Lesotho.<ref name="garenne2022A">{{REFjournal
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|title=Changing relationships between HIV prevalence and circumcision in Lesotho
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|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35373731/
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|date=2022-04-04
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|journal=J Biosoc Sci
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|volume=online ahead of print
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|pages=1-16
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|DOI=10.1017/S0021932022000153
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|pubmedID=35373731
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|accessdate=2022-11-07
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}}</ref>
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</blockquote>
  
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In his second report, Garenne (2022) presented information from six Sub-Saharan African nations (Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe). He reported:
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<blockquote>
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"Results matched earlier observations made in South Africa that [[circumcised]] and [[intact]] men had similar levels of HIV infection."<ref name="garenne2022B">{{REFjournal
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|first=Michael
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|title=Age-incidence and prevalence of HIV among intact and circumcised men: an analysis of PHIA surveys in Southern Africa
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|date=2022-10-26
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|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-biosocial-science/article/abs/ageincidence-and-prevalence-of-hiv-among-intact-and-circumcised-men-an-analysis-of-phia-surveys-in-southern-africa/CAA7E7BD5A9844F41C6B7CC3573B9E50
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{{SEEALSO}}
 
{{SEEALSO}}
 
* [[Circumcised doctors]]
 
* [[Circumcised doctors]]
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* [[Johns Hopkins]] -- Assistant Professor of Pathology  
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* [[Johns Hopkins]] — Assistant Professor of Pathology  
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* [[Ronald Gray]] -- Benefactor
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* [[Ronald Gray]] — Benefactor
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* [[Maria Wawer]] -- Benefactor
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* [[Maria Wawer]] — Benefactor
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* [[Thomas C. Quinn]] -- Benefactor
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* [[Thomas C. Quinn]] — Benefactor
  
 
{{ABBR}}
 
{{ABBR}}
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[[Category:Circumcision in Africa]]
 
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{{Category:USA]]
  
 
[[Category:From CircLeaks]]
 
[[Category:From CircLeaks]]

Revision as of 15:51, 7 November 2022

Tobin.jpg
Pathology Dep.
Johns Hopkins
Benefactors:
Ronald Gray
Maria Wawer
Thomas C. Quinn

Aaron A.R. Tobian, M.D.[a 1], Ph.D.[a 2], is Assistant Professor of Pathology for the Johns Hopkins Center for Global Health.[1] He has a son he claims he circumcised on the basis of the 3 African trials.[2] He is supported by grant 2011036 from the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, National Institutes of Health grant 1K23AI093152-01A1, and the Johns Hopkins University Clinician Scientist Development Award.[3]

Circumcision does not prevent HIV infection

Population-based studies

September 2021 saw the publication of two huge population studies on the relationship of circumcision and HIV infection:

  1. Mayan et al. (2021) carried out a massive empirical study of the male population of the province of Ontario, Canada (569,950 males), of whom 203,588 (35.7%) were circumcised between 1991 and 2017. The study concluded that circumcision status is not related to risk of HIV infection.[4]
  2. Morten Frisch & Jacob Simonsen (2021) carried out a large scale empirical population study in Denmark of 855,654 males regarding the alleged value of male circumcision in preventing HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in men. They found that circumcised men have a higher rate of STI and HIV infection overall than intact men.[5]

No association between lack of circumcision and risk of HIV infection was found by either study. There now is credible evidence that the massive, expensive African circumcision programs have not been effective in preventing HIV infection.

Two African surveys

The previously reported studies were from developed Western nations. Now we have information from Sub_Saharan Africa.

French scientist Michel Garenne, Ph.D. has published two reports in 2022 comparing the incidence of HIV infection in circumcised and intact men.

In his first report, Garenne presented the findings from a study in Lesotho, the enclave in South Africa. He reported:

In couple studies, the effect of circumcision and VMMC on HIV was not significant, with similar transmission from female to male and male to female. The study questions the amount of effort and money spent on VMMC in Lesotho.[6]

In his second report, Garenne (2022) presented information from six Sub-Saharan African nations (Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe). He reported:

"Results matched earlier observations made in South Africa that circumcised and intact men had similar levels of HIV infection."[7]</blockquote

See also

Abbreviations

  1. ↑ REFweb Doctor of Medicine, Wikipedia. Retrieved 14 June 2021. In the United Kingdom, Ireland and some Commonwealth countries, the abbreviation MD is common.
  2. ↑ REFweb Doctor of Philosophy, Wikipedia. Retrieved 16 June 2021. (Also abbreviated as D.Phil.)

References

  1. ↑ REFweb Tobian, Aaron. Aaron Tobian: Bio and publications. Retrieved 7 October 2011.
  2. ↑ REFweb Elizabeth Cohen, CNN Senior Medical Correspondent. Should teens make circumcision decision?. Retrieved 7 October 2011.
  3. ↑ REFjournal Tobian AAR, Gray RH. The Medical Benefits of Male Circumcision. Journal of the American Medical Association Med. 5 October 2011; 306(13): 1479-1480. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  4. ↑ REFjournal Mayan M, Hamilton RJ, Juurlink DN, Austin PC, Jarvi KA. Circumcision and Risk of HIV Among Males From Ontario, Canada. J Urol. 23 September 2021; PMID. DOI. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
    Quote: We found that circumcision was not independently associated with the risk of acquiring HIV among men from Ontario, Canada.
  5. ↑ REFjournal Frisch M, Simonsen J. Non-therapeutic male circumcision in infancy or childhood and risk of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections: national cohort study in Denmark. Eur J Epidemiol. 26 September 2021; 37: 251–9. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  6. ↑ REFjournal Garenne M. Changing relationships between HIV prevalence and circumcision in Lesotho. J Biosoc Sci. 4 April 2022; online ahead of print: 1-16. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
  7. ↑ REFjournal Garenne M. Age-incidence and prevalence of HIV among intact and circumcised men: an analysis of PHIA surveys in Southern Africa. J Biosoc Sci. 26 October 2022; : 1-13. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 7 November 2022.

{{Category:USA]]

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