Posttraumatic stress disorder: Difference between revisions
WikiModEn2 (talk | contribs) →Child circumcision as a traumatizing event: Revise text and Wikify. |
WikiModEn2 (talk | contribs) →Child circumcision as a traumatizing event: Revise text. |
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===Child circumcision as a traumatizing event=== | ===Child circumcision as a traumatizing event=== | ||
When an infant boy is to be circumcised, it is the usual practice to immobilize the infant for the [[Pain| painful]] surgery by securely tying his limbs to a molded plastic board specially made for that purpose called a [[circumstraint]]. The infant thus is preventing from fighting or fleeing, which is the [[trauma]]-producing situation of ''inescapable [[shock]]'', described as a "physical condition in which the organism cannot do anything to affect the inevitable."<ref name="vanderkolk2014B">{{REFbook | When an infant boy is to be circumcised, it is the usual practice to immobilize the infant for the [[Pain| painful]] surgery by securely tying his limbs to a molded plastic board specially made for that purpose called a [[circumstraint]]. The infant thus is preventing from fighting or fleeing, which is the [[trauma]]-producing situation of ''inescapable [[shock]]'', described as a "''physical condition in which the organism cannot do anything to affect the inevitable''."<ref name="vanderkolk2014B">{{REFbook | ||
|last=van der Kolk | |last=van der Kolk | ||
|first=Bessel | |first=Bessel | ||
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</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
John Rhinehart, M. D., (1999) a clinical psychiatrist, reported finding numerous cases of PTSD in his adult male patients pursuant to infant circumcision.<ref>{{REFjournal | John Rhinehart, M. D., (1999) a clinical psychiatrist, reported finding numerous cases of [[PTSD]] in his adult male patients pursuant to infant circumcision.<ref>{{REFjournal | ||
|last=Rhinehart | |last=Rhinehart | ||
|first=John | |first=John | ||
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}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
Boyle & Ramos (2019) studied boys in the Philippine Islands who had undergone medical circumcision and others who had suffered the traditional "''tuli''" circumcision. Of the boys who had a medical circumcision, 51 percent exhibited symptoms of PTSD. Of the boys who had a ''[[tuli]]'' circumcision, 69 percent exhibited symptoms of PTSD.<ref>{{REFjournal | Boyle & Ramos (2019) studied boys in the Philippine Islands who had undergone medical circumcision and others who had suffered the traditional "''tuli''" circumcision. Of the boys who had a medical circumcision, 51 percent exhibited symptoms of [[PTSD]]. Of the boys who had a ''[[tuli]]'' circumcision, 69 percent exhibited symptoms of PTSD.<ref>{{REFjournal | ||
|last=Boyle | |last=Boyle | ||
|first=Gregory J. | |first=Gregory J. | ||