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Created page with "'''Frenulum breve''' or a short frenulum, is a condition in which the frenulum, which is an elastic band of tissue under the glans penis that connects to the foreski..."
'''Frenulum breve''' or a short frenulum, is a condition in which the [[frenulum]], which is an elastic band of tissue under the [[glans penis]] that connects to the [[foreskin|prepuce]] (foreskin) and helps contract the prepuce over the glans, is short and restricts the movement of the prepuce. The [[frenulum]] should normally be sufficiently long and supple to allow for the full retraction of the prepuce so that it lies smoothly back on the shaft of the erect [[penis]]. The penile frenulum is comparable to the tongue's frenulum between the tongue's lower surface and the lower jaw, or the frenulum between the upper lip and the outside of the upper gum.
== Symptoms and diagnosis ==
Frenulum breve may be complicated by tearing of the frenulum during sexual or other activity and is a cause of [[dyspareunia]]. It may lead to erroneous labelling of the sufferer as having psychosexual problems.<ref>Whelan. Male dyspareunia due to short frenulum: an indication for adult circumcision. ''BMJ'' 1977; 24-31: 1633-4</ref> The torn frenulum may result in healing with scar tissue that is less flexible after the incident causing further difficulties.{{Citation needed|date=February 2012}} However, this tearing can also solve the problem, healing such that the frenulum is longer and therefore no longer problematic.{{Citation needed|date=February 2012}} The diagnosis of frenulum breve is almost always confused with that of [[phimosis]] and a generally [[tight foreskin]], since the symptom is difficulty retracting the foreskin. Most men with phimosis also have frenulum breve to a certain extent.<ref>{{REFweb
| quote=
| url=http://www.thestudentroom.co.uk/wiki/Tight_Foreskin
| title=Tight Foreskin
| last=
| first=
| publisher=
| work=
| date=
| accessdate=2012-09-01
}}</ref>
== Treatment ==
The condition may be treated with surgery. There are several different techniques to treat this condition. Threading a suture through the lower membrane, and then tying a tight knot around the frenulum itself is a procedure that minimizes invasive action. After a few days the frenulum will weaken and eventually break apart to allow the prepuce to fully retract. Other procedures involve the cutting of the skin and require the use of sutures to help in the healing process. Alternatively, it may be treated by a reparative [[plastic surgery]] operation called a [[frenuloplasty]], or by complete [[circumcision]] including resection of the frenulum ([[frenectomy]]).
The negative aspect of surgical treatment is the damage or loss of the frenulum, which some men consider a highly erogenous area of their genitals.
== Non-surgical treatment ==
Stretching exercises and steroid creams may also be helpful. The frenulum, like other tissues, can be enlarged through [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_expansion tissue expansion]. This page lists a manual exercise to stretch the frenulum.<ref>{{REFweb
| quote=
| url=https://www.tapatalk.com/groups/willywellbeing/frenulum-breve-t1403.html
| title=Frenulum Stretching
| last=
| first=
| publisher=
| work=Network 54
| date=2012-02-19
| accessdate=2015-05-07
}}</ref>
{{REF}}
[[Category:Physiology]]
[[Category:From IntactWiki]]
== Symptoms and diagnosis ==
Frenulum breve may be complicated by tearing of the frenulum during sexual or other activity and is a cause of [[dyspareunia]]. It may lead to erroneous labelling of the sufferer as having psychosexual problems.<ref>Whelan. Male dyspareunia due to short frenulum: an indication for adult circumcision. ''BMJ'' 1977; 24-31: 1633-4</ref> The torn frenulum may result in healing with scar tissue that is less flexible after the incident causing further difficulties.{{Citation needed|date=February 2012}} However, this tearing can also solve the problem, healing such that the frenulum is longer and therefore no longer problematic.{{Citation needed|date=February 2012}} The diagnosis of frenulum breve is almost always confused with that of [[phimosis]] and a generally [[tight foreskin]], since the symptom is difficulty retracting the foreskin. Most men with phimosis also have frenulum breve to a certain extent.<ref>{{REFweb
| quote=
| url=http://www.thestudentroom.co.uk/wiki/Tight_Foreskin
| title=Tight Foreskin
| last=
| first=
| publisher=
| work=
| date=
| accessdate=2012-09-01
}}</ref>
== Treatment ==
The condition may be treated with surgery. There are several different techniques to treat this condition. Threading a suture through the lower membrane, and then tying a tight knot around the frenulum itself is a procedure that minimizes invasive action. After a few days the frenulum will weaken and eventually break apart to allow the prepuce to fully retract. Other procedures involve the cutting of the skin and require the use of sutures to help in the healing process. Alternatively, it may be treated by a reparative [[plastic surgery]] operation called a [[frenuloplasty]], or by complete [[circumcision]] including resection of the frenulum ([[frenectomy]]).
The negative aspect of surgical treatment is the damage or loss of the frenulum, which some men consider a highly erogenous area of their genitals.
== Non-surgical treatment ==
Stretching exercises and steroid creams may also be helpful. The frenulum, like other tissues, can be enlarged through [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_expansion tissue expansion]. This page lists a manual exercise to stretch the frenulum.<ref>{{REFweb
| quote=
| url=https://www.tapatalk.com/groups/willywellbeing/frenulum-breve-t1403.html
| title=Frenulum Stretching
| last=
| first=
| publisher=
| work=Network 54
| date=2012-02-19
| accessdate=2015-05-07
}}</ref>
{{REF}}
[[Category:Physiology]]
[[Category:From IntactWiki]]