Difference between revisions of "Bleeding"
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|last=Hiss | |last=Hiss | ||
|init=J | |init=J | ||
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|last2=Horowitz | |last2=Horowitz | ||
|init2=A | |init2=A | ||
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|last3=Kahama | |last3=Kahama | ||
|init3=T | |init3=T | ||
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|title=Fatal haemorrhage following male ritual circumcision | |title=Fatal haemorrhage following male ritual circumcision | ||
|journal=J Clin Forensic Med | |journal=J Clin Forensic Med | ||
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|date=2000 | |date=2000 | ||
|volume=7 | |volume=7 | ||
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|pages=32-4 | |pages=32-4 | ||
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/death/hiss1/ | |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/death/hiss1/ | ||
| − | + | |pubmedID=15274991 | |
| − | |pubmedID= | ||
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|DOI=10.1054/jcfm.1999.0340 | |DOI=10.1054/jcfm.1999.0340 | ||
|accessdate=2019-01-16 | |accessdate=2019-01-16 | ||
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|url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypovolemic+shock | |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypovolemic+shock | ||
|title=Hypovolemic shock | |title=Hypovolemic shock | ||
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|publisher=Farlex | |publisher=Farlex | ||
|website=The Free Dictionary | |website=The Free Dictionary | ||
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|accessdate=2020-01-16 | |accessdate=2020-01-16 | ||
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}}</ref> Losing over 2.4 ounces of blood may cause [[death]]. | }}</ref> Losing over 2.4 ounces of blood may cause [[death]]. | ||
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"[S]ome of the serious complications that can occur during the procedure include [[death]] from excess bleeding and [[amputation]] of the [[glans penis]]. Postoperative complications include the formation of [[skin bridges]] between the shaft and the glans, infection, urinary retention (this has caused deaths), meatal ulcer, impetigo, fistulas, loss of penile sensitivity, sexual dysfunction and oedema of the glans." They also acknowledge that the frequency of complications is "underestimated because events occurring after the discharge are not captured [in the discharge sheet]" and sometimes are treated at a different hospital.<ref>{{REFweb | "[S]ome of the serious complications that can occur during the procedure include [[death]] from excess bleeding and [[amputation]] of the [[glans penis]]. Postoperative complications include the formation of [[skin bridges]] between the shaft and the glans, infection, urinary retention (this has caused deaths), meatal ulcer, impetigo, fistulas, loss of penile sensitivity, sexual dysfunction and oedema of the glans." They also acknowledge that the frequency of complications is "underestimated because events occurring after the discharge are not captured [in the discharge sheet]" and sometimes are treated at a different hospital.<ref>{{REFweb | ||
| − | + | |url=http://www.malecircumcision.org/research/documents/Neonatal_child_MC_global_review.pdf | |
| − | | url=http://www.malecircumcision.org/research/documents/Neonatal_child_MC_global_review.pdf | + | |title=Neonatal and child male circumcision: a global review |
| − | | title=Neonatal and child male circumcision: a global review | + | |last=Weiss |
| − | | last=Weiss | + | |first=Helen |
| − | | first=Helen | + | |author-link=Helen Weiss |
| − | | | + | |publisher=UNAIDS |
| − | | | + | |date=2010 |
| − | | date=2010 | + | |accessdate=2012-11-23 |
| − | | accessdate=2012-11-23 | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
== [[NOHARMM]] == | == [[NOHARMM]] == | ||
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An estimated number of complications is calculated in [http://www.noharmm.org/incidenceworld.htm this page]. | An estimated number of complications is calculated in [http://www.noharmm.org/incidenceworld.htm this page]. | ||
{{SEEALSO}} | {{SEEALSO}} | ||
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* [[Risks and complications]] | * [[Risks and complications]] | ||
* [[Death]] | * [[Death]] | ||
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* {{REFweb | * {{REFweb | ||
|url=http://www.circumstitions.com/death-exsang.html | |url=http://www.circumstitions.com/death-exsang.html | ||
| − | |title= | + | |title=Judgement of Inquiry into the death of McWillis, Ryleigh Roman Bryan |
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|last=Newell | |last=Newell | ||
|first=Chico | |first=Chico | ||
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|publisher=Office of the Chief Coroner, Province of British Columbia | |publisher=Office of the Chief Coroner, Province of British Columbia | ||
|website=Cirumstitions | |website=Cirumstitions | ||
|date=2004-01-19 | |date=2004-01-19 | ||
|accessdate=2020-01-15 | |accessdate=2020-01-15 | ||
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}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 12:15, 20 November 2021
Bleeding and hemorrhage is an ever-present risk of every surgery.
Circumcision is amputative surgery that severs blood vessels, so there is always risk of bleeding and hemorrhage from circumcision.[1]
The vast majority of circumcisions performed in the United States are medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic circumcisions performed on newborn infants in which there is no medical indication or disease of any kind present.
Newborn infants, which weigh only a few pounds, have very little blood in their tiny bodies. Loss of only a slight amount of blood can and does cause exsangination and hypovolemic shock.[2] Losing over 2.4 ounces of blood may cause death.
What the AAP says
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) issued its last position statement on male circumcision in 2012. That statement has received unrelenting critical comment since its publication. Under AAP policy, every statement expires after five years unless re-affirmed. The circumcision statement has not been affirmed, so it expired in 2017. At the present time (2020) the AAP has no policy statement on circumcision.
UNAIDS
"[S]ome of the serious complications that can occur during the procedure include death from excess bleeding and amputation of the glans penis. Postoperative complications include the formation of skin bridges between the shaft and the glans, infection, urinary retention (this has caused deaths), meatal ulcer, impetigo, fistulas, loss of penile sensitivity, sexual dysfunction and oedema of the glans." They also acknowledge that the frequency of complications is "underestimated because events occurring after the discharge are not captured [in the discharge sheet]" and sometimes are treated at a different hospital.[3]
NOHARMM
An estimated number of complications is calculated in this page.
See also
External links
Newell, Chico (19 January 2004). Judgement of Inquiry into the death of McWillis, Ryleigh Roman Bryan
, Cirumstitions, Office of the Chief Coroner, Province of British Columbia. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
References
- ↑
Hiss J, Horowitz A, Kahama T. Fatal haemorrhage following male ritual circumcision. J Clin Forensic Med. 2000; 7: 32-4. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
- ↑
Hypovolemic shock
, The Free Dictionary, Farlex. Retrieved 16 January 2020. - ↑ Weiss, Helen (2010).
Neonatal and child male circumcision: a global review
, UNAIDS. Retrieved 23 November 2012.
