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'''Amputation''' is the removal of a limb or body part by [[Physical trauma|trauma]], medical illness, or surgery. As a surgical measure, it is used to control pain or a disease process in the affected limb, such as malignancy or gangrene. In some cases, it is carried out on individuals as a preventive surgery for such problems. A special case is that of congenital amputation, a congenital disorder, where fetal limbs have been cut off by constrictive bands.<ref name="WP">{{REFweb
'''Amputation''' is the removal of a limb or body part by [[Physical trauma|trauma]], medical illness, or surgery.<ref>{{REFweb
  |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amputation
  |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/amputation
  |title=Amputation
  |title=Amputation
  |website=Wikipedia
  |last=Anonymous
  |accessdate=2021-11-12
|first=
}}</ref>
|init=
|publisher=The Free Dictionary by Farlex
|date=
  |accessdate=2023-09-27
}}</ref> As a surgical measure, it is used to control [[pain]] or a disease process in the affected limb, such as malignancy or [[gangrene]]. In some cases, it is carried out on individuals as a preventive surgery for such problems. A special case is that of congenital amputation, a congenital disorder, where fetal limbs have been cut off by constrictive bands.<ref name="WP">{{URLwikipedia|Amputation|Amputation|2021-11-12}}</ref>


In some countries, such as Afghanistan and Iran,<ref name="iran">{{REFnews
In some countries, such as Afghanistan and Iran,<ref name="iran">{{REFnews
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  |date=2000-08
  |date=2000-08
  |title=Traumatic amputation of the penis
  |title=Traumatic amputation of the penis
  |url=http://brazjurol.com.br/pdf/kochakarn_385_389.pdf
  |url=https://intbrazjurol.com.br/pdf/vol2130/Vol26_n4_2000.pdf#page=47
  |journal=Brazilian Journal of Urology
  |journal=Brazilian Journal of Urology
  |volume=26
  |volume=26
  |pages=385–389
  |pages=385–389
  |via=Official Journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology
  |via=Official Journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology
|format=PDF
}}</ref><ref>{{REFbook
}}</ref><ref>{{REFbook
  |last=Peters
  |last=Peters
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  |publisher={{UNI|Cambridge University|UCam}} Press
  |publisher={{UNI|Cambridge University|UCam}} Press
  |isbn=9780521792264
  |isbn=9780521792264
|format-PDF
}}</ref><ref name="WP"/>
}}</ref><ref name="WP"/>


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  |accessdate=2021-06-28
  |accessdate=2021-06-28
}}</ref><ref name="WP"/>
}}</ref><ref name="WP"/>
[[Circumcision]] is amputation of the [[foreskin]].<ref name="andersen2025">{{REFjournal
|last=Andersen-Giberson
|init=D
|author-link=Dale Andersen
|url=https://cdd.journals.yorku.ca/index.php/cdd/article/view/39786/36016
|title=Circumcision and forced disability: Routine male neonatal circumcision and the consequences of amputation within a critical disability studies framework
|journal=Critical Disability Discourses
|date=2025-12
|volume=10
|issue=2
|pages=1-37
|URL=https://cdd.journals.yorku.ca/index.php/cdd/article/view/39786/36016
|DOI=https://doi.org/10.25071/1918-6215.39786
|accessdate=2026-03-12
|quote=In a critical disability studies framework, it is argued that the act of amputating healthy erogenous tissue and the consequences of that amputation cause disability, particularly from a counter-hegemonic lens.
|format=PDF
|accessdate=2026-03-12
}}
</ref>


== Types related to [[HGM]] ==
== Types related to [[HGM]] ==
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* Amputation of the testicles (castration).
* Amputation of the testicles (castration).
* Amputation of the [[penis]] ([[penectomy]]).
* Amputation of the [[penis]] ([[penectomy]]).
* Amputation of the [[foreskin]] ([[circumcision]]).
* Amputation of the [[foreskin]] ([[circumcision]], [[posthectomy]]).
* Amputation of the [[clitoris]] ([[clitoridectomy]]).
* Amputation of the [[clitoris]] ([[clitoridectomy]]).


== Neurological disorders related to amputation ==
== Neurological disorders related to amputation ==
=== Acrotomophilia ===
=== [[Acrotomophilia]] ===
'''Acrotomophilia''' refers to a paraphilia in which an individual expresses strong sexual interest in amputees.<ref>{{REFjournal
==Psychological issues of amputation and loss of function==
  |last=Solvang
The human [[foreskin]] has numerous protective, immunological, and sexual functions. Amputation of the foreskin completely terminates those functions.
 
British doctors Maguire & Parkes (1998) reported persons who have lost a body part to amputation must grieve the loss. Amputees may experience anxiety and depression from their loss.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Maguire
|first=
  |init=P
  |init=P
  |date=2007
  |author-link=
  |title=The amputee body desired: Beauty destabilized? Disability re-valued?
|last2=Parkes
  |journal=Sex and Disability
|first2=
  |volume=25
|init2=CM
  |pages=51–64
|author2-link=
}}</ref>
|etal=no
  |title=Coping with loss: surgery and loss of body parts
|trans-title=
|language=
  |journal=BMJ
|date=1998-04
  |volume=316
|issue=7137
  |pages=1086-8
|url=10.1136/bmj.316.7137.1086
|archived=
|quote=The loss of body parts can give rise to grief for loss of body image or function, or both.
|pubmedID=9552917
|pubmedCID=1112908
|DOI=10.1136/bmj.316.7137.1086
|accessdate=2026-03-28
}}</ref> [[Suicide]] after [[circumcision]] has been reported.


=== Apotemnophilia ===
=== Apotemnophilia ===
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}}</ref>
}}</ref>


One of the piers of [[circumfetishist]] [[Jake Waskett]] said: “Some of us who do get erotic and sexual gratification out of not only the finished product, but also the procedure itself.” The “finished product” is the sexual interest in becoming an amputee and the “procedure itself” is akin to the [[Jake_H._Waskett/Editorial#Cognitive_dissonance_.28free_thought_paradigm.29|IKEA effect that was previously discussed]].
One of the piers of [[circumfetishist]] [[Jake H. Waskett]] said: “Some of us who do get erotic and sexual gratification out of not only the finished product, but also the procedure itself.” The “finished product” is the sexual interest in becoming an amputee and the “procedure itself” is akin to the [[Jake_H._Waskett/Editorial#Cognitive_dissonance_.28free_thought_paradigm.29|IKEA effect that was previously discussed]].


=== Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID) ===
=== Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID) ===
Line 160: Line 206:


{{SEEALSO}}
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Acrotomophilia]]
* [[Adult circumcision]]
* [[Circumcision]]
* [[Circumcision]]
* [[Complete penile amputation]]
* [[The Boy Who Was Turned Into a Girl]]
* [[Ulwaluko]]


{{LINKS}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amputation
|title=Amputation
|last=
|first=
|init=
|publisher=Wikipedia
|date=
|accessdate=2023-12-26
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://intactamerica.org/circumcision-amputation-truth/
|title=The Word They Don’t Want to Use: Amputation
|last=Alissa
|first=
|init=K
|author-link=Kristel Alissa
|publisher=Intact America
|date=2025-05-21
|accessdate=2025-05-22
}}
{{REF}}
{{REF}}


[[Category:Term]]
 
[[Category:Education]]
[[Category:Medical term]]
[[Category:Psychology]]


[[de:Amputation]]
[[de:Amputation]]
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