Difference between revisions of "HIV trials in Africa"
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| − | In 2007, | + | In 2005 and 2007, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were carried out in Africa in an attempt to prove a hypothesis of certain [[circumcision advocate|circumcision promoters]] despite the known [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin| immunological functions]] of the [[foreskin]], to link [[HIV]] infection to lack of [[circumcision]]. |
| − | These trials | + | These trials were carried out in |
| − | + | * [[South Africa]]: | |
| − | * {{RCT Bailey et al 2007}} | + | : {{RCT Auvert et al 2005}} |
| − | * {{RCT Gray et al 2007}} | + | * Kenya: |
| + | : {{RCT Bailey et al 2007}} | ||
| + | * Uganda: | ||
| + | : {{RCT Gray et al 2007}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | The 2007 RCTs in Kenya and Uganda were funded by NIAID director [[Anthony Fauci]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == 60% HIV protection myth == | ||
| + | These RCTs are the cause of the false and long since disproved claim that [[circumcision]] would offer a 60% better protection against HIV than uncircumcised people have. | ||
== Refutation == | == Refutation == | ||
| Line 59: | Line 67: | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
| + | Two massive populalation studies found no evidence of a protective effect from circumcision.<ref name="mayan2021">{{REFjournal | ||
| + | |last=Mayan | ||
| + | |first=Madhur | ||
| + | |init=M | ||
| + | |author-link= | ||
| + | |last2=Hamilton | ||
| + | |first2=Robert J. | ||
| + | |init2=RJ | ||
| + | |author2-link= | ||
| + | |last3=Juurlink | ||
| + | |first3=David N. | ||
| + | |init3=DN | ||
| + | |author3-link= | ||
| + | |last4=Austin | ||
| + | |first4=Peter C. | ||
| + | |init4=PC | ||
| + | |author4-link= | ||
| + | |last5=Jarvi | ||
| + | |first5=Keith A. | ||
| + | |init5=KA | ||
| + | |author5-link= | ||
| + | |etal=no | ||
| + | |title=Circumcision and Risk of HIV Among Males From Ontario, Canada | ||
| + | |journal=J Urol | ||
| + | |date=2021-09-23 | ||
| + | |volume= | ||
| + | |issue= | ||
| + | |article= | ||
| + | |page= | ||
| + | |pages= | ||
| + | |url=https://www.auajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1097/JU.0000000000002234 | ||
| + | |quote=We found that circumcision was not independently associated with the risk of acquiring HIV among men from Ontario, Canada. | ||
| + | |pubmedID=34551593 | ||
| + | |pubmedCID= | ||
| + | |DOI=10.1097/JU.0000000000002234 | ||
| + | |accessdate=2022-01-07 | ||
| + | }}</ref><ref name="frisch2021">{{FrischM SimonsenJ 2021}}</ref> | ||
| + | {{SEEALSO}} | ||
| + | * [[South Africa]] | ||
{{REF}} | {{REF}} | ||
[[Category:Flawed study]] | [[Category:Flawed study]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Myth]] | ||
| + | |||
[[Category:Africa]] | [[Category:Africa]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Kenya]] | ||
| + | [[Category:South Africa]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Uganda]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[de:HIV-Studien in Afrika]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:11, 8 August 2024
In 2005 and 2007, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were carried out in Africa in an attempt to prove a hypothesis of certain circumcision promoters despite the known immunological functions of the foreskin, to link HIV infection to lack of circumcision.
These trials were carried out in
Auvert B, Taljaard D, Lagarde E, Sobngwi-Tambekou J, Sitta R, Puren A. Randomized, Controlled Intervention Trial of Male Circumcision for Reduction of HIV Infection Risk: The ANRS 1265 Trial. PLoS Med. 25 October 2005; 2(11): e298. Retrieved 31 December 2021.
- Kenya:
- Bailey RC, Moses S, Parker CB, et al. Male circumcision for HIV prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: A randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 24 February 2007; 369(9562): 643–56. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 31 December 2021.
- Uganda:
- Gray RH, Kigozi G, Serwadda D, et al. Male circumcision for HIV prevention in men in Rakai, Uganda: A randomised trial. Lancet. 24 February 2007; 369(9562): 657-66. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 31 December 2021.
The 2007 RCTs in Kenya and Uganda were funded by NIAID director Anthony Fauci.
60% HIV protection myth
These RCTs are the cause of the false and long since disproved claim that circumcision would offer a 60% better protection against HIV than uncircumcised people have.
Refutation
Green et al. (2008), in a preliminary report, published a long list of methodological issues with the RCTs.[1]
Boyle & Hill (2011) studied their reports and found disabling methodological and statistical errors that invalidated their purported findings.[2]
Van Howe & Boyle (2018) further elaborated on these findings and suggested possible coordination between the RCTs and hinted at the possibility of fraud.[3]
Two massive populalation studies found no evidence of a protective effect from circumcision.[4][5]
See also
References
- ↑ Green LW, McAllister RS, Peterson KW, Travis JR. Male circumcision is not the HIV ‘vaccine’ we have been waiting for!. Future HIV Therapy. 2008; 2(3): 193-9. DOI. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
- ↑ Boyle GJ, Hill G. Sub-Saharan African randomised clinical trials into male circumcision and HIV transmission: Methodological, ethical and legal concerns
. Thompson Reuter. December 2011; 19(2): 316-34. PMID. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
- ↑ Van Howe RS, Boyle GJ. Meta-analysis of HIV-acquisition studies incomplete and unstable. BJU Int. 31 October 2018; Retrieved 24 November 2021.
Quote:Given the effectiveness of condoms, the lack of consistent findings on national levels, the methodologically flawed RCTs, the lack of translational research, and the impressive potential uptake and effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis, circumcision as an intervention to prevent HIV infection should be treated with greater scepticism.
- ↑ Mayan M, Hamilton RJ, Juurlink DN, Austin PC, Jarvi KA. Circumcision and Risk of HIV Among Males From Ontario, Canada. J Urol. 23 September 2021; PMID. DOI. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
Quote:We found that circumcision was not independently associated with the risk of acquiring HIV among men from Ontario, Canada.
- ↑ Frisch M, Simonsen J. Non-therapeutic male circumcision in infancy or childhood and risk of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections: national cohort study in Denmark. Eur J Epidemiol. 26 September 2021; 37: 251–9. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
