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[[File:PureShock.jpg|thumb|Baby in shock after circumcision]]
[[File:PureShock.jpg|thumb|Baby in shock after circumcision]]
'''Shock''' is one of the possible consequences of [[circumcision]], especially in newborns and infants at an age when effective [[pain]] suppression with general anesthesia is not possible.
'''Shock''' is one of the possible consequences of [[circumcision]], especially in newborns and infants at an age when effective [[pain]] suppression with general anesthesia is not possible.<ref name="agoglu2022">{{REFjournal
|last=Aydoğlu
|first=
|init=B
|author-link=
|last2=Aydoğlu
|first2=
|init2=M
|author2-link=
|last3=Okur
|first3=
|init3=MH
|author3-link=
|etal=no
|title=Social and psychological effects of circumcision: A narrative review
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=Journal of Applied Nursing and Health
|location=
|date=2022-12
|volume=4
|issue=2
|pages=264-71
|url=https://janh.candle.or.id/index.php/janh/article/view/110/138
|archived=
|quote=
||DOI=10.55018/janh.v4i2.110
|format=PDF
|accessdate=2023-05-03
}}</ref>


{{WikipediaQuote|URL=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock_(circulatory)}}
{{WikipediaQuote|URL=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock_(circulatory)}}
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Shock is divided into four main types based on the underlying cause: low volume, cardiogenic, obstructive, and distributive shock. Low volume shock, also known as hypovolemic shock, may be from [[bleeding]], diarrhea, or vomiting.[1] Cardiogenic shock may be due to a heart attack or cardiac contusion. Obstructive shock may be due to cardiac tamponade or a tension pneumothorax. Distributive shock may be due to sepsis, anaphylaxis, injury to the upper spinal cord, or certain overdoses.</blockquote>
Shock is divided into four main types based on the underlying cause: low volume, cardiogenic, obstructive, and distributive shock. Low volume shock, also known as hypovolemic shock, may be from [[bleeding]], diarrhea, or vomiting.[1] Cardiogenic shock may be due to a heart attack or cardiac contusion. Obstructive shock may be due to cardiac tamponade or a tension pneumothorax. Distributive shock may be due to sepsis, anaphylaxis, injury to the upper spinal cord, or certain overdoses.</blockquote>
=== Neurogenic shock ===
[[File:AmericanBabyInShockAfterCircumcision.jpg|thumb|American baby in shock after circumcision]]
In neurogenic shock, a nervous failure of the regulation of circulatory and / or vascular tone results in circulatory failure. Common causes of neurogenic shock are lesions of the spinal cord, spinal anesthesia and injuries or intoxication of the central nervous system (e.g. traumatic brain injury in a traffic accident). Cancer, meningitis and brain inflammation (encephalitis) are also among the causes of neurogenic shock. '''Functional neurogenic shock is less common, for example in the case of very strong pain stimuli.'''<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schock_(Medizin)#Neurogener_Schock
|title=Schock (Medizin) #Neurogener Schock
|website=Wikipedia
|accessdate=2020-12-20
}}</ref>
The American Academy of Pediatrics advised:
The American Academy of Pediatrics advised:
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
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  |DOI=10.1542/peds.2006-2277
  |DOI=10.1542/peds.2006-2277
  |accessdate=2023-04-29
  |accessdate=2023-04-29
}}</ref> <ref name="agoglu2022" />
</blockquote>
=== Neurogenic shock ===
[[File:AmericanBabyInShockAfterCircumcision.jpg|thumb|American baby in shock after circumcision]]
In neurogenic shock, a nervous failure of the regulation of circulatory and / or vascular tone results in circulatory failure. Common causes of neurogenic shock are lesions of the spinal cord, spinal anesthesia and injuries or intoxication of the central nervous system (e.g. traumatic brain injury in a traffic accident). Cancer, meningitis and brain inflammation (encephalitis) are also among the causes of neurogenic shock. '''Functional neurogenic shock is less common, for example in the case of very strong pain stimuli.'''<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schock_(Medizin)#Neurogener_Schock
|title=Schock (Medizin) #Neurogener Schock
|website=Wikipedia
|accessdate=2020-12-20
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
</blockquote>
== Hypovolemic shock ==
== Hypovolemic shock ==
Every operation, including [[circumcision]], can lead to severe blood loss, which can lead to a “traumatic-hemorrhagic shock” (bleeding as a result of traumatic effects).
Every operation, including [[circumcision]], can lead to severe blood loss, which can lead to a “traumatic-hemorrhagic shock” (bleeding as a result of traumatic effects).
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* [https://alphamom.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/wonderland_circumcision-e1273195287922.jpg alphamom.com: Circumcision: the kindest cut, or the cruelest?]
* [https://alphamom.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/wonderland_circumcision-e1273195287922.jpg alphamom.com: Circumcision: the kindest cut, or the cruelest?]


Infants regularly go into shock during [[circumcision]] due to the extreme [[pain]] they cannot escape and from which they cannot defend themselves (because of being restrained by a [[Circumstraint]] or because of being held by adults). This is their only way to turn off pain perception. Visible symptoms are usually very swollen eyelids and puffy faces after the intense screaming before. With some, the apathetic eyes do not close by themselves in shock.
Infants regularly go into shock during [[circumcision]] due to the extreme [[pain]] they cannot escape and from which they cannot defend themselves (because of being restrained by a [[Circumstraint]] or because of being held by adults).<ref name="agoglu2022" /> This is their only way to turn off pain perception. Visible symptoms are usually very swollen eyelids and puffy faces after the intense screaming before. With some, the apathetic eyes do not close by themselves in shock.


=== "Felt nothing" ===
=== "Felt nothing" ===
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}}</ref>
}}</ref>


The facial expressions of these children are described by some [[intactivists]] as after being subjected to cruel torture (e.g. rape). Many babies are apathetic, no longer respond to their parents' speech and have massive breastfeeding confusion.
The facial expressions of these children are described by some [[intactivists]] as after being subjected to cruel torture (e.g. rape). Many babies are apathetic, no longer respond to their parents' speech and have massive [[breastfeeding]] confusion.


Harvard [[trauma]] expert [[Bessel van der Kolk]], {{MD}}, explains:
Harvard [[trauma]] expert [[Bessel van der Kolk]], {{MD}}, explains:
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}}</ref>
}}</ref>
}}
}}
{{SEEALSO}}
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Breastfeeding]]
* [[Breastfeeding]]
* [[Circumcision industry]]
* [[Circumstraint]]
* [[Pain]]
* [[Pain]]
* [[Trauma]]
* [[Trauma]]
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  |accessdate=2021-06-30
  |accessdate=2021-06-30
}}
}}
 
* {{REFweb
|url=https://intactamerica.org/circumcision-surgery-screaming/
|title=Circumcision: The Only Surgery Where the Patient Screams—and No One Stops
|last=Alissa
|first=
|init=K
|author-link=Kristel Alissa
|publisher=Intact America
|date=2025-04-24
|accessdate=2025-04-25
}}
{{ABBR}}
{{ABBR}}
{{REF}}
{{REF}}
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[[Category:Breastfeeding]]
[[Category:Breastfeeding]]
[[Category:Pain]]
[[Category:Pain]]
[[Category:Parental information]]
[[Category:Trauma]]
[[Category:Trauma]]


[[de:Schock]]
[[de:Schock]]
Retrieved from "https://en.intactiwiki.org/wiki/Shock"