Difference between revisions of "UNAIDS"

From IntactiWiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m
(Add link in SEEALSO section.)
 
(14 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 21: Line 21:
 
}}
 
}}
  
−
UNAIDS is the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS that works towards achieving universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support.<ref>{{REFweb
+
UNAIDS is the Joint United Nations Programme on [[HIV]]/[[AIDS]] that works towards achieving universal access to [[HIV]] prevention, treatment, care and support.<ref>{{REFweb
−
  | last=
+
  |last=
−
  | first=
+
  |first=
−
  | year=
+
  |date=
−
  | title=UNAIDS
+
  |title=UNAIDS
−
  | url=http://www.unaids.org/en/aboutunaids/
+
  |url=http://www.unaids.org/en/aboutunaids/
−
  | accessdate=2011-03-29
+
  |accessdate=2011-03-29
 
}}</ref> UNAIDS established in 1994 by a resolution of the UN Economic and Social Council and launched in January 1996.<ref>{{REFnews
 
}}</ref> UNAIDS established in 1994 by a resolution of the UN Economic and Social Council and launched in January 1996.<ref>{{REFnews
−
  | last=
+
  |last=
−
  | first=
+
  |first=
−
| coauthors=
+
  |url=http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/featurestories/2008/november/20081103tfty/
−
  | url=http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/featurestories/2008/november/20081103tfty/
+
  |title=UNAIDS: The First 10 Years
−
  | title=UNAIDS: The First 10 Years
+
  |date=2008-11-03
−
  | date=2008-11-03
+
  |publisher=UNAIDS
−
  | publisher=UNAIDS
+
  |quote=
−
  | quote=
+
  |accessdate=2011-08-30
−
  | accessdate=2011-08-30
 
 
}}</ref>
 
}}</ref>
  
 
== Stephen Lewis - Former head of UNAIDS ==
 
== Stephen Lewis - Former head of UNAIDS ==
  
−
Stephen Henry Lewis, CC, born November 11, 1937,<ref>Smith, p.258 ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Lewis more here])</ref> is a Canadian politician,<ref>MacDonald, pp. 151-152 ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Lewis more here])</ref> broadcaster, diplomat and former head of UNAIDS. He is Jewish ([[Religion and Culture|why this is important]]),<ref>{{REFbook
+
Stephen Henry Lewis, CC, ({{LifeData|1937-11-11}}),<ref>Smith, p.258 ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Lewis more here])</ref> is a Canadian politician,<ref>MacDonald, pp. 151-152 ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Lewis more here])</ref> broadcaster, diplomat and former head of UNAIDS. He is Jewish ([[Religion and Culture|why this is important]]),<ref>{{REFbook
−
  | last=Smith
+
  |last=Smith
−
  | first=Cameron
+
  |first=Cameron
−
  | year=1989
+
|init=C
−
  | title=Unfinished Journey: The Lewis Family
+
  |year=1989
−
  | url=
+
  |title=Unfinished Journey: The Lewis Family
−
  | editor=
+
  |url=
−
  | edition=1
+
  |editor=
−
  | volume=
+
  |edition=1
−
  | chapter=
+
  |volume=
−
  | pages=330
+
  |chapter=
−
  | location=
+
  |page=330
−
  | publisher=Summerhill Press
+
  |location=
−
  | isbn=0-929091-04-3
+
  |publisher=Summerhill Press
−
  | note=
+
  |isbn=0-929091-04-3
−
  | accessdate=
+
  |note=
 +
  |accessdate=
 
}}</ref> and a very outspoken feminist.<ref>{{REFweb
 
}}</ref> and a very outspoken feminist.<ref>{{REFweb
−
  | last=Lewis  
+
  |last=Lewis  
−
  | first=Stephen
+
  |first=Stephen
−
  | year=2010-02-02
+
  |date=2010-02-02
−
  | title=Stephen Lewis Co-Dir, Aids free world
+
  |title=Stephen Lewis Co-Dir, Aids free world
−
  | url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oFkVLJ9Ukts
+
  |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oFkVLJ9Ukts
−
  | accessdate=2011-04-01
+
  |accessdate=2011-04-01
−
}}</ref> Lewis is a vehement promoter of male circumcision, particularly infant male circumcision (as HIV prevention policy).<ref>{{REFweb
+
}}</ref> Lewis is a vehement promoter of male circumcision, particularly infant male [[circumcision]] (as [[HIV]] prevention policy).<ref>{{REFweb
−
  | last=AIDSFreeWorld
+
  |last=AIDSFreeWorld
−
  | first=
+
  |first=
−
  | year=2010-01-06
+
  |date=2010-01-06
−
  | title=Male Circumcision, part 1
+
  |title=Male Circumcision, part 1
−
  | url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n9kIqB_6KRg
+
  |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n9kIqB_6KRg
−
  | accessdate=2011-04-01
+
  |accessdate=2011-04-01
 
}}</ref> Lewis calls circumcision "inspired preventive technology." Lewis is very close friends with [[Bill Clinton]].<ref>{{REFweb
 
}}</ref> Lewis calls circumcision "inspired preventive technology." Lewis is very close friends with [[Bill Clinton]].<ref>{{REFweb
−
  | last=garymcnutt
+
  |last=garymcnutt
−
  | first=
+
  |first=
−
  | year=2006-09-24
+
  |date=2006-09-24
−
  | title=Stephen Lewis on Gender Equality
+
  |title=Stephen Lewis on Gender Equality
−
  | url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6bUognn0pA
+
  |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6bUognn0pA
−
  | accessdate=2011-04-01
+
  |accessdate=2011-04-01
 
}}</ref><ref>{{REFweb
 
}}</ref><ref>{{REFweb
−
  | last=clintonfoundationorg
+
  |last=clintonfoundationorg
−
  | first=
+
  |first=
−
  | year=2009-10-04
+
  |date=2009-10-04
−
  | title=A Special Discussion with President Clinton on World AIDS Day.
+
  |title=A Special Discussion with President Clinton on World AIDS Day
−
  | url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LUaGIc4GYLQ
+
  |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LUaGIc4GYLQ
−
  | accessdate=2011-04-01
+
  |accessdate=2011-04-01
−
}}</ref> Stephen was the leader of the democratic socialist Ontario New Democratic Party for most of the 1970s. In the mid-1980s, he was appointed as Canada's United Nations ambassador. He quit in 1988 and worked at various United Nations agencies during the 1990s. In the 2000s, he served a term as the United Nations' special envoy for HIV/AIDS in Africa, and head of UNAIDS.<ref name='Ryerson 2010-09-14'>{{REFweb
+
}}</ref> Stephen was the leader of the democratic socialist Ontario New Democratic Party for most of the 1970s. In the mid-1980s, he was appointed as Canada's United Nations ambassador. He quit in 1988 and worked at various United Nations agencies during the 1990s. In the 2000s, he served a term as the United Nations' special envoy for [[HIV]]/[[AIDS]] in Africa, and head of UNAIDS.<ref name='Ryerson 2010-09-14'>{{REFweb
−
  | last=Toye
+
  |last=Toye
−
  | first=Suelan
+
  |first=Suelan
−
  | year=2010-09-14
+
  |date=2010-09-14
−
  | title=Stephen Lewis, humanitarian, diplomat and activist, appointed a Distinguished Visiting Professor at Ryerson University
+
  |title=Stephen Lewis, humanitarian, diplomat and activist, appointed a Distinguished Visiting Professor at Ryerson University
−
  | url=http://www.ryerson.ca/news/media/General_Public/20100914_MR_Stephen%20.html
+
  |url=http://www.ryerson.ca/news/media/General_Public/20100914_MR_Stephen%20.html
−
  | accessdate=2011-03-30
+
  |accessdate=2011-03-30
−
  | publisher = Ryerson University
+
  |publisher={{UNI|Ryerson University|RyeU}}
 
}}</ref>
 
}}</ref>
  
Line 99: Line 99:
  
 
{{Citation
 
{{Citation
−
| Text=There was some titter of laughter and gentile applause which resonated throughout the room. So I felt it was the appropriate moment to tell the crowd that I was circumcised. Which I did. There followed what can only be described as an <span style="background:#d7f5ff">Orgy of Male Bonding</span>. I have never been so embraced and hugged so extravagantly by numbers of people simultaneously as they conveyed to me that they understood the importance of circumcision and recognized that it's withstood the transmission of the virus.
+
|Text=There was some titter of laughter and gentile applause which resonated throughout the room. So I felt it was the appropriate moment to tell the crowd that I was [[circumcised]]. Which I did. There followed what can only be described as an <span style="background:#d7f5ff">Orgy of Male Bonding</span>. I have never been so embraced and hugged so extravagantly by numbers of people simultaneously as they conveyed to me that they understood the importance of circumcision and recognized that it's withstood the transmission of the virus.
−
| Author=[[Stephen H. Lewis]]
+
|Author=[[Stephen H. Lewis]]
−
| Source=
+
|Source=
−
| ref=<ref>[http://fora.tv/2008/07/28/Stephen_Lewis_Disease_and_Climate_Change_in_Africa Fora, TV. (2008). Stephen Lewis: ''disease and climate change in Africa.'']</ref>
+
|ref=<ref>[http://fora.tv/2008/07/28/Stephen_Lewis_Disease_and_Climate_Change_in_Africa Fora, TV. (2008). Stephen Lewis: ''disease and climate change in Africa.'']</ref>
 
}}
 
}}
  
 
{{Citation
 
{{Citation
−
| Text=The most unexpected and successful preventative <span style="background:#d7f5ff">technology</span>, which has been chronicalled in the last couple of years, is male circumcision.
+
|Text=The most unexpected and successful preventative <span style="background:#d7f5ff">technology</span>, which has been chronicaled in the last couple of years, is [[Adult circumcision| male circumcision]].
−
| Author=[[Stephen H. Lewis]]
+
|Author=[[Stephen H. Lewis]]
−
| Source=
+
|Source=
−
| ref=<ref>[http://fora.tv/2008/07/28/Stephen_Lewis_Disease_and_Climate_Change_in_Africa Fora, TV. (2008). Stephen Lewis: ''disease and climate change in Africa.'']</ref>
+
|ref=<ref>[http://fora.tv/2008/07/28/Stephen_Lewis_Disease_and_Climate_Change_in_Africa Fora, TV. (2008). Stephen Lewis: ''disease and climate change in Africa.'']</ref>
 
}}
 
}}
  
 +
==Criticism==
 +
 +
The [[VMMC Experience Project]] has published a massive, illustrated 153-page report on VMMC in Africa for the United Nations.<ref name="fish2019">{{REFdocument
 +
|title=Circumcision Campaigns: African experience and human rights: The U.N. Report
 +
|trans-title=
 +
|language=
 +
|url=https://www.vmmcproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/VMMC-UN-Report.pdf
 +
|archived=
 +
|contribution=
 +
|quote=
 +
|trans-quote=
 +
|quote-lang=
 +
|last=Fish
 +
|first=Max
 +
|author-link=Max Fish
 +
|publisher=VMMC Experience Project
 +
|location=
 +
|format=PDF
 +
|date=2019-05-07
 +
|accessdate=2021-05-15
 +
}}</ref>
 +
==Circumcision does not prevent HIV infection==
 +
=== Population-based studies ===
 +
{{Population-based studies}}
 +
===Two African surveys===
 +
The previously reported studies were from developed Western nations. Now we have information from Sub_Saharan Africa.
 +
 +
French scientist [[Michel Garenne]], Ph.D. has published two reports in 2022 comparing the incidence of HIV infection in [[circumcised]] and [[intact]] men.
 +
 +
In his first report, Garenne presented the findings from a study in Lesotho, the enclave in South Africa. He reported:
 +
<blockquote>
 +
In couple studies, the effect of circumcision and VMMC on HIV was not significant, with similar transmission from female to male and male to female. The study questions the amount of effort and money spent on VMMC in Lesotho.<ref name="garenne2022A">{{REFjournal
 +
|last=Garenne
 +
|first=Michel
 +
|init=M
 +
|author-link=Michel Garenne
 +
|title=Changing relationships between HIV prevalence and circumcision in Lesotho
 +
|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35373731/
 +
|date=2022-04-04
 +
|journal=J Biosoc Sci
 +
|volume=online ahead of print
 +
|pages=1-16
 +
|DOI=10.1017/S0021932022000153
 +
|pubmedID=35373731
 +
|accessdate=2022-11-07
 +
}}</ref>
 +
</blockquote>
 +
 +
In his second report, Garenne (2022) presented information from six Sub-Saharan African nations (Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe). He reported:
 +
<blockquote>
 +
"Results matched earlier observations made in South Africa that [[circumcised]] and [[intact]] men had similar levels of HIV infection."<ref name="garenne2022B">{{REFjournal
 +
|last=Garenne
 +
|first=Michael
 +
|init=M
 +
|author-link=
 +
|etal=no
 +
|title=Age-incidence and prevalence of HIV among intact and circumcised men: an analysis of PHIA surveys in Southern Africa
 +
|trans-title=
 +
|language=
 +
|journal=J Biosoc Sci
 +
|location=
 +
|date=2022-10-26
 +
|season=
 +
|volume=
 +
|issue=
 +
|article=
 +
|page=
 +
|pages=1-13
 +
|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-biosocial-science/article/abs/ageincidence-and-prevalence-of-hiv-among-intact-and-circumcised-men-an-analysis-of-phia-surveys-in-southern-africa/CAA7E7BD5A9844F41C6B7CC3573B9E50
 +
|archived=
 +
|quote=
 +
|pubmedID=36286328
 +
|pubmedCID=
 +
|DOI=10.1017/S0021932022000414
 +
|accessdate=2022-11-07
 +
}}</ref></blockquote
 
{{SEEALSO}}
 
{{SEEALSO}}
−
* [[Stephen H. Lewis]] -- Former head of UNAIDS.
+
* [[Canada]]
 +
* [[Stephen H. Lewis]] — Former head of UNAIDS.
 +
 
 +
{{LINKS}}
 +
* {{REFweb
 +
|url=https://www.doctorsopposingcircumcision.org/for-professionals/alleged-medical-benefits/hivaids/
 +
|title=HIV/AIDS
 +
|publisher=[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)]]
 +
|date=2020
 +
|accessdate=2020-07-16
 +
}}
  
 
{{REF}}
 
{{REF}}
  
−
[[Category:Organizations]]
+
[[Category:Organization]]
 
[[Category:Circumcision in Africa]]
 
[[Category:Circumcision in Africa]]
 +
[[Category:Jewish]]
  
 
[[Category:From CircLeaks]]
 
[[Category:From CircLeaks]]
 
[[Category:From IntactWiki]]
 
[[Category:From IntactWiki]]
 +
 +
[[Category:Canada]]
 +
 +
[[de:{{FULLPAGENAME}}]]

Latest revision as of 16:37, 15 April 2024

UNAIDS.jpg
Headed by:
Stephen H. Lewis (2001-2006)
Peter Piot (2007-2009)
Michel Sidibé (2009-2011)
Related Organizations:
World Health Organization
UNICEF

UNAIDS is the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS that works towards achieving universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support.[1] UNAIDS established in 1994 by a resolution of the UN Economic and Social Council and launched in January 1996.[2]

Stephen Lewis - Former head of UNAIDS

Stephen Henry Lewis, CC, (born 11 November 1937),[3] is a Canadian politician,[4] broadcaster, diplomat and former head of UNAIDS. He is Jewish (why this is important),[5] and a very outspoken feminist.[6] Lewis is a vehement promoter of male circumcision, particularly infant male circumcision (as HIV prevention policy).[7] Lewis calls circumcision "inspired preventive technology." Lewis is very close friends with Bill Clinton.[8][9] Stephen was the leader of the democratic socialist Ontario New Democratic Party for most of the 1970s. In the mid-1980s, he was appointed as Canada's United Nations ambassador. He quit in 1988 and worked at various United Nations agencies during the 1990s. In the 2000s, he served a term as the United Nations' special envoy for HIV/AIDS in Africa, and head of UNAIDS.[10]

Quotes

“ There was some titter of laughter and gentile applause which resonated throughout the room. So I felt it was the appropriate moment to tell the crowd that I was circumcised. Which I did. There followed what can only be described as an Orgy of Male Bonding. I have never been so embraced and hugged so extravagantly by numbers of people simultaneously as they conveyed to me that they understood the importance of circumcision and recognized that it's withstood the transmission of the virus.
– Stephen H. Lewis[11]
“ The most unexpected and successful preventative technology, which has been chronicaled in the last couple of years, is male circumcision.
– Stephen H. Lewis[12]

Criticism

The VMMC Experience Project has published a massive, illustrated 153-page report on VMMC in Africa for the United Nations.[13]

Circumcision does not prevent HIV infection

Population-based studies

September 2021 saw the publication of two huge population studies on the relationship of circumcision and HIV infection:

  1. Mayan et al. (2021) carried out a massive empirical study of the male population of the province of Ontario, Canada (569,950 males), of whom 203,588 (35.7%) were circumcised between 1991 and 2017. The study concluded that circumcision status is not related to risk of HIV infection.[14]
  2. Morten Frisch & Jacob Simonsen (2021) carried out a large scale empirical population study in Denmark of 855,654 males regarding the alleged value of male circumcision in preventing HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in men. They found that circumcised men have a higher rate of STI and HIV infection overall than intact men.[15]

No association between lack of circumcision and risk of HIV infection was found by either study. There now is credible evidence that the massive, expensive African circumcision programs have not been effective in preventing HIV infection.

Two African surveys

The previously reported studies were from developed Western nations. Now we have information from Sub_Saharan Africa.

French scientist Michel Garenne, Ph.D. has published two reports in 2022 comparing the incidence of HIV infection in circumcised and intact men.

In his first report, Garenne presented the findings from a study in Lesotho, the enclave in South Africa. He reported:

In couple studies, the effect of circumcision and VMMC on HIV was not significant, with similar transmission from female to male and male to female. The study questions the amount of effort and money spent on VMMC in Lesotho.[16]

In his second report, Garenne (2022) presented information from six Sub-Saharan African nations (Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe). He reported:

"Results matched earlier observations made in South Africa that circumcised and intact men had similar levels of HIV infection."[17]</blockquote

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ REFweb UNAIDS. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
  2. ↑ REFnews (3 November 2008)."UNAIDS: The First 10 Years", UNAIDS. Retrieved 30 August 2011.
  3. ↑ Smith, p.258 (more here)
  4. ↑ MacDonald, pp. 151-152 (more here)
  5. ↑ REFbook Smith C (1989): Unfinished Journey: The Lewis Family. Edition: 1. Summerhill Press. P. 330. ISBN 0-929091-04-3.
  6. ↑ REFweb Lewis, Stephen (2 February 2010). Stephen Lewis Co-Dir, Aids free world. Retrieved 1 April 2011.
  7. ↑ REFweb AIDSFreeWorld (6 January 2010). Male Circumcision, part 1. Retrieved 1 April 2011.
  8. ↑ REFweb garymcnutt (24 September 2006). Stephen Lewis on Gender Equality. Retrieved 1 April 2011.
  9. ↑ REFweb clintonfoundationorg (4 October 2009). A Special Discussion with President Clinton on World AIDS Day. Retrieved 1 April 2011.
  10. ↑ REFweb Toye, Suelan (14 September 2010). Stephen Lewis, humanitarian, diplomat and activist, appointed a Distinguished Visiting Professor at Ryerson University, Ryerson University. Retrieved 30 March 2011.
  11. ↑ Fora, TV. (2008). Stephen Lewis: disease and climate change in Africa.
  12. ↑ Fora, TV. (2008). Stephen Lewis: disease and climate change in Africa.
  13. ↑ REFdocument Fish, Max: Circumcision Campaigns: African experience and human rights: The U.N. Report PDF, VMMC Experience Project. (7 May 2019). Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  14. ↑ REFjournal Mayan M, Hamilton RJ, Juurlink DN, Austin PC, Jarvi KA. Circumcision and Risk of HIV Among Males From Ontario, Canada. J Urol. 23 September 2021; PMID. DOI. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
    Quote: We found that circumcision was not independently associated with the risk of acquiring HIV among men from Ontario, Canada.
  15. ↑ REFjournal Frisch M, Simonsen J. Non-therapeutic male circumcision in infancy or childhood and risk of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections: national cohort study in Denmark. Eur J Epidemiol. 26 September 2021; 37: 251–9. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
  16. ↑ REFjournal Garenne M. Changing relationships between HIV prevalence and circumcision in Lesotho. J Biosoc Sci. 4 April 2022; online ahead of print: 1-16. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
  17. ↑ REFjournal Garenne M. Age-incidence and prevalence of HIV among intact and circumcised men: an analysis of PHIA surveys in Southern Africa. J Biosoc Sci. 26 October 2022; : 1-13. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
Retrieved from "https://en.intactiwiki.org/w/index.php?title=UNAIDS&oldid=36931"