Difference between revisions of "Trauma"

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(→‎Psychic circumcision trauma)
(→‎Psychic circumcision trauma: Add text and citations.)
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===Psychic circumcision trauma===
 
===Psychic circumcision trauma===
 
Although a [[circumcision]] may be performed at any age, circumcisions are most commonly performed on newborn boys in the first month of life outside of the mother's womb. At that tender age general anesthesia is too dangerous to administer, so newborn boys receive only minimal [[pain]] relief at best and, in many cases, none at all.
 
Although a [[circumcision]] may be performed at any age, circumcisions are most commonly performed on newborn boys in the first month of life outside of the mother's womb. At that tender age general anesthesia is too dangerous to administer, so newborn boys receive only minimal [[pain]] relief at best and, in many cases, none at all.
 +
 +
[[circumcised]] boys had a higher pain response at time of vaccination six months later as compared with [[intact]] boys,<ref name="taddio"1995">{{REFjournal
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|last=Taddio
 +
|init=A
 +
|first=Anna
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|author-link=
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|last2=Goldbach
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|init2=M
 +
|first2=Morton
 +
|author2-link=
 +
|last3=Ipp
 +
|init3=M
 +
|first3=Moshe
 +
|author3-link=
 +
|last4=Stevens
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|init4=S
 +
|first4=Bonnie
 +
|author4-link=
 +
|last5=Koren
 +
|init5=G
 +
|first5=Gideon
 +
|author5-link=
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|etal=no
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|title=Effect of neonatal circumcision on pain responses during vaccination in boys
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|journal=Lancet
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|location=
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|date=1995
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|volume=344
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|issue=
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|pages=291-2
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|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/pain/taddio/
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|archived=
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|quote=
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|pubmedID=7837863
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|pubmedCID=
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|DOI=10.1016/s0140-6736(95)90278-3
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|accessdate=2020-11-10
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}}</ref><ref name="taddio1997">{{REFjournal
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|last=Taddio
 +
|init=A
 +
|first=Anna
 +
|author-link=
 +
|last2=Katz
 +
|init2=J
 +
|first2=Joel
 +
|author2-link=
 +
|last3=Ilersich
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|init3=AL
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|first3=A. Lane
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|author3-link=
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|last4=Gideon
 +
|init4=K
 +
|first4=Koren
 +
|author4-link=
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|etal=no
 +
|title=Effect of neonatal circumcision on pain response during subsequent routine vaccination
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|journal=Lancet
 +
|location=
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|date=1997-03-01
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|volume=342
 +
|issue=9052
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|pages=599-603
 +
|url=https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10315/7941/KAT036.pdf?sequence=1&origin=publication_detail
 +
|archived=
 +
|quote=
 +
|pubmedID=9057731
 +
|pubmedCID=
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|DOI=10.1016/S0140-6736(96)10316-0
 +
|accessdate=2020-11-11
 +
}}</ref> showing that the nervous system had been permanently sensitized to heightened pain sensation.
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Taddio et al. (1997) concluded:
 +
{{Citation
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|Text=Although postsurgical central sensitisation (allodynia and hyperalgesia) can extend to sites of the body distal from the wound, suggesting a supraspinal effect, the long-term consequences of surgery done without anaesthesia are likely to include post-traumatic stress as well as pain. It is, therefore, possible that the greater vaccination response in the infants circumcised without anaesthesia may represent an <u>infant analogue of a post-traumatic stress disorder</u> triggered by a traumatic and painful event and re-experienced under similar circumstances of pain during vaccination.
 +
|Author=Taddio et al. (1997)
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|ref=<ref name="taddio1997"/>
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}}
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<!-- {{SEEALSO}} -->
 
<!-- {{SEEALSO}} -->

Revision as of 00:05, 14 November 2022

Construction Site

This article is work in progress and not yet part of the free encyclopedia IntactiWiki.

 

Trauma is defined as physical injury or psychological or emotional damage.[1]

Physical trauma

Physical trauma is any injury caused by a mechanical or physical agent.[1]

Psychic trauma

Psychic trauma is a psychologically upsetting experience that produces an emotional or mental disorder or otherwise has lasting negative effects on a person's thoughts, feelings, or behavior.[1] Psychic trauma produces posttraumatic stress disorder.

Circumcision trauma

Circumcision trauma includes both physical trauma and psychic trauma.

Physical circumcision trauma

Circumcision, more properly described as posthectomy, is the surgical excision and amputation of the foreskin of the penis, which permanently removes a significant portion of the epithelium of the penis and destroys the significant and important protective, immunological, sexual, and sensory physiological functions of that structure, and leaves the patient permanently and irreversibly impaired by the loss of those functions.[2]

Psychic circumcision trauma

Although a circumcision may be performed at any age, circumcisions are most commonly performed on newborn boys in the first month of life outside of the mother's womb. At that tender age general anesthesia is too dangerous to administer, so newborn boys receive only minimal pain relief at best and, in many cases, none at all.

circumcised boys had a higher pain response at time of vaccination six months later as compared with intact boys,[3][4] showing that the nervous system had been permanently sensitized to heightened pain sensation.

Taddio et al. (1997) concluded:

“ Although postsurgical central sensitisation (allodynia and hyperalgesia) can extend to sites of the body distal from the wound, suggesting a supraspinal effect, the long-term consequences of surgery done without anaesthesia are likely to include post-traumatic stress as well as pain. It is, therefore, possible that the greater vaccination response in the infants circumcised without anaesthesia may represent an infant analogue of a post-traumatic stress disorder triggered by a traumatic and painful event and re-experienced under similar circumstances of pain during vaccination.
– Taddio et al. (1997)[4]


References

  1. ↑ a b c REFweb (2003). Trauma, The Free Medical Dictionary by Farlex. Retrieved 13 November 2022.
  2. ↑ REFjournal Cold CJ, Taylor JR. The prepuce. BJU Int. January 1999; 83, Suppl. 1: 34-44. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  3. ↑ REFjournal Taddio A, Goldbach M, Ipp M, Stevens S, Koren G. Effect of neonatal circumcision on pain responses during vaccination in boys. Lancet. 1995; 344: 291-2. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  4. ↑ a b REFjournal Taddio A, Katz J, Ilersich AL, Gideon K. Effect of neonatal circumcision on pain response during subsequent routine vaccination. Lancet. 1 March 1997; 342(9052): 599-603. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
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