Sexual injury of circumcision: Difference between revisions
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The '''sexual effects of circumcision''' are the subject of some debate. Studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of circumcision (amputation of the [[foreskin]]) on sexual drive, erectile function, premature and delayed ejaculation, sexual satisfaction, sexual sensation and penile sensitivity. Studies have also assessed whether [[circumcision]] affects [[masturbation]] or other sexual practices, and the degree to which a heterosexual woman's experience of sex is affected by her partner's circumcision status. | The '''sexual effects of circumcision''' are the subject of some debate. Studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of circumcision (amputation of the [[foreskin]]) on sexual drive, erectile function, premature and delayed ejaculation, sexual satisfaction, sexual sensation and penile sensitivity. Studies have also assessed whether [[circumcision]] affects [[masturbation]] or other sexual practices, and the degree to which a heterosexual woman's experience of sex is affected by her partner's circumcision status. Cold & Taylor (1999) stated: | ||
<blockquote> | |||
The prepuce is primary, erogenous tissue necessary for normal sexual function.<ref name="cold-taylor1999">{{REFjournal | |||
|last=Cold | |||
|first=C.J. | |||
|author-link= | |||
|last2=Taylor | |||
|first2=J.R. | |||
|author2-link=John R. Taylor | |||
|title=The prepuce | |||
|journal=BJU Int | |||
|date=1999-01-01 | |||
|volume=83 Suppl 1 | |||
|issue= | |||
|pages=34-44 | |||
|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1046/j.1464-410x.1999.0830s1034.x | |||
|quote= | |||
|pubmedID=1034941 | |||
|pubmedCID= | |||
|DOI=10.1046/j.1464-410x.1999.0830s1034.x | |||
|accessdate=2020-01-04 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
</blockquote> | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
===In the beginning=== | ===In the beginning=== | ||
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| accessdate=2019-12-02 | | accessdate=2019-12-02 | ||
}}</ref>--> | }}</ref>--> | ||
== Penile sensitivity and sexual sensation == | == Penile sensitivity and sexual sensation == | ||
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|accessdate= | |accessdate= | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
=== Glans sensitivity === | === Glans sensitivity === | ||
A number of studies have looked at the question of whether sensitivity of the glans is affected by circumcision. | A number of studies have looked at the question of whether sensitivity of the glans is affected by circumcision. | ||
Yang ''et al.'' (1998) concluded in their study into the innervation of the penile shaft and glans penis that: "The distinct pattern of innervation of the glans emphasizes the role of the glans as a sensory structure."<ref name="yang1998">{{REFjournal | Yang ''et al.'' (1998) concluded in their study into the innervation of the penile shaft and glans penis that: "The distinct pattern of innervation of the glans emphasizes the role of the glans as a sensory structure."<ref name="yang1998">{{REFjournal | ||
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|date=1996-02 | |date=1996-02 | ||
|accessdate= | |accessdate= | ||
}}</ref><ref name=" | }}</ref><ref name="cold-taylor1999" /> Opponents of circumcision have cited these studies, which report on the sensitivity or innervation of the foreskin, claiming a sexual role based upon the presence of nerve-endings in the foreskin sensitive to light touch, stroking and fluttering sensations. | ||
Circumcision removes the [[Ridged band|ridged band]] at the end of the foreskin.<ref name="taylor1996" /> Taylor (1996) observed that the ridged band had more [[Meissner's corpuscle]]s — a kind of nerve ending that is concentrated in areas of greatest sensitivity — than the areas of the foreskin with smooth mucus membranes and a rich blood supply to serve the neurological tissue. Taylor (2000) postulated that the ridged band is sexually sensitive and plays a role in normal sexual function. He also suggested that the [[gliding action]], possible only when there was enough loose skin on the shaft of the penis, serves to stimulate the ridged band through contact with the corona of the [[glans penis]] during vaginal intercourse.<ref name="taylor2000">{{REFjournal | Circumcision removes the [[Ridged band|ridged band]] at the end of the foreskin.<ref name="taylor1996" /> Taylor (1996) observed that the ridged band had more [[Meissner's corpuscle]]s — a kind of nerve ending that is concentrated in areas of greatest sensitivity — than the areas of the foreskin with smooth mucus membranes and a rich blood supply to serve the neurological tissue. Taylor (2000) postulated that the ridged band is sexually sensitive and plays a role in normal sexual function. He also suggested that the [[gliding action]], possible only when there was enough loose skin on the shaft of the penis, serves to stimulate the ridged band through contact with the corona of the [[glans penis]] during vaginal intercourse.<ref name="taylor2000">{{REFjournal | ||
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Laumann ''et al.'' (1997) reported that the likelihood of having difficulty in maintaining an erection was lower for circumcised men, but only at the 0.07 level (OR 0.66; 95% CI, 0.42-1.03).<ref name="Laumann1997"/> | Laumann ''et al.'' (1997) reported that the likelihood of having difficulty in maintaining an erection was lower for circumcised men, but only at the 0.07 level (OR 0.66; 95% CI, 0.42-1.03).<ref name="Laumann1997"/> | ||
== Ejaculatory function == | == Ejaculatory function == | ||