Phimosis: Difference between revisions

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 }}</ref> some check lists for school doctors‘ examinations still erroneously refer to physiological phimosis as an abnormality.
-In most cases only watchful waiting is necessary, not surgery or other treatment.
+In most cases, only watchful waiting is necessary, not surgery or other treatment.
 By age 10.4 years, about 50 percent of intact boys have a retractable foreskin.<ref name="Øster1968" />  <ref name-"thorvaldsen2005">{{REFjournal
@@ Line 85: / Line 85: @@
   |accessdate=2019-11-01
 }}</ref> Most of the rest develop a retractable foreskin in their teenage years.<ref name="Øster1968" />
+If treatment is deemed necessary, the application of topical steroid ointment is the most cost-effective treatment.<ref>{{REFjournal
+ |last=Van Howe
+ |first=Robert S.
+ |author-link=Robert Van Howe
+ |etal=no
+ |title=Cost-effective treatment of phimosis
+ |trans-title=
+ |language=
+ |journal=Pediatrics
+ |location=
+ |date=1998-04
+ |volume=102
+ |issue=
+ |pages=e43
+ |url=https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/102/4/e43.full.pdf
+ |quote=
+ |pubmedID=
+ |pubmedCID=
+ |DOI=10.1542/peds.102.4.e43
+ |accessdate=2019-11-02
+}}</ref>
 Teen boys with a non-retractable foreskin may benefit by manual stretching.
-==Medical indications and therapies==
-There is a group of typical conditions of the foreskin, that can occur in more or less distinct ways.
 ==Treatment options==