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  |last=Hartog
  |last=Hartog
  |first=Kelly
  |first=Kelly
|init=K
  |url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/community_briefs/article/death_spotlights_old_circumcision_rite_20050218
  |url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/community_briefs/article/death_spotlights_old_circumcision_rite_20050218
  |title=Death spotlights old circumcision rite
  |title=Death spotlights old circumcision rite
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}}</ref>
}}</ref>


Holt (1913) reported tuberular ''mohels'' were trasmitting tuberulosis to infant boys.<ref>{{REFjournal
Holt (1913) reported tubercular ''mohels'' were transmitting tuberculosis to infant boys.<ref name="holt1913">{{REFjournal
  |last=Holt
  |last=Holt
  |first=LE
  |init=LE
  |author-link=
  |author-link=L. Emmett Holt
|etal=no
  |title=Tuberculosis acquired through ritual circumcision
  |title=Tuberculosis acquired through ritual circumcision
|trans-title=
|language=
  |journal=JAMA
  |journal=JAMA
|location=
  |date=1913-07-12
  |date=1913-07-12
  |volume=61
  |volume=61
Line 35: Line 32:
  |pages=99-102
  |pages=99-102
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/holt1/
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/holt1/
|quote=
|pubmedID=
|pubmedCID=
  |DOI=10.1001/jama.1913.0435002002501
  |DOI=10.1001/jama.1913.0435002002501
  |accessdate=2019-10-28
  |accessdate=2019-10-28
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


<ref>{{REFjournal
The ancient practice (called ''[[Metzitzah b'peh]]'') infects baby boys with herpes.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Distel
  |last=Distel
  |first=R.
  |init=R
  |last2=Hofer
  |last2=Hofer
  |first2=V.
  |init2=V
  |last3=Bogger-Goren
  |last3=Bogger-Goren
  |first3=S.
  |init3=S
  |last4=Shalit
  |last4=Shalit
  |first4=I.
  |init4=I
  |last5=Garty
  |last5=Garty
  |first5=B.Z.
  |init5=BZ
  |title=Primary genital herpes simplex infection associated with Jewish ritual circumcision
  |title=Primary genital herpes simplex infection associated with Jewish ritual circumcision
  |journal=Isr Med Assoc J
  |journal=Isr Med Assoc J
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  |pages=516-517
  |pages=516-517
  |accessdate=2019-10-25
  |accessdate=2019-10-25
}}</ref> The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a warning in 2012 about the health implications of this practice, citing 11 cases of neonatal HSV and two recorded fatalities.<ref>{{REFjournal
}}</ref> The [https://www.cdc.gov/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] issued a warning in 2012 about the health implications of this practice, citing 11 cases of neonatal HSV and two recorded [[fatalities]].<ref>{{REFjournal
  |url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6122a2.htm
  |url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6122a2.htm
  |title=Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infection Following Jewish Ritual Circumcisions that Included Direct Orogenital Suction — New York City, 2000–2011
  |title=Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infection Following Jewish Ritual Circumcisions that Included Direct Orogenital Suction — New York City, 2000–2011
  |publisher=CDC
  |publisher=CDC
  |last=Baum
  |last=Baum
  |first=S.G.
  |init=SG
  |journal=Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
  |journal=Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
  |date=2012-06-08
  |date=2012-06-08
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}}</ref>
}}</ref>


A 2013 review of cases of neonatal [[Herpes simplex virus|Herpes]] infections in Israel identified ritual circumcision as the source of HSV-1 transmission in 31.8% of the cases.<ref>{{REFjournal
A 2013 review of cases of neonatal [[Herpes]] infections in [[Israel]] identified ritual circumcision as the source of HSV-1 transmission in 31.8% of the cases.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Koren
  |first=Amir
  |first=Amir
  |last=Koren
  |init=A
  |etal=yes
  |etal=yes
  |url=http://failedmessiah.typepad.com/files/herpes-simplex-neonates-israel-7-cases-8-years-koren_nhsv_infections_israel_pid_2013.pdf
  |url=http://failedmessiah.typepad.com/files/herpes-simplex-neonates-israel-7-cases-8-years-koren_nhsv_infections_israel_pid_2013.pdf
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}}</ref>
}}</ref>


[[Urinary tract infection]] (UTI) is associated with ritual circumcision by a ''mohel''.
[[Urinary tract infection]] (UTI) is associated with ritual circumcision by a ''mohel''.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Amir
|init=J
|etal=yes
|url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/article-abstract/513140
|title=Circumcision and Urinary Tract Infections in Infants
|journal=Am J Dis Child
|date=1986
|volume=140
|page=1092
}}</ref>
 
Four New York baby boys have contracted ''herpes'' from the ''mohel'' in six months.<ref>{{REFnews
|title=4 NY babies get herpes from Jewish circumcision rite in past 6 months
|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/4-ny-babies-get-herpes-from-jewish-circumcision-rite-in-past-6-months/?fbclid=IwAR0Q8OYtpB_YUekqB2yktzIUlwc4DdceAnQQ2-SR8aKz71lFYtWCsWCjsck
|last=Oster
|first=Marcy
|coauthors=
|publisher=The Times of Israel
|website=
|date=2020-02-20
|accessdate=2020-04-12
|quote=
}}</ref>


</blockquote>
</blockquote>
==Pain==
[[EMLA]] cream topical anesthetic may be purchased without a prescription. [[EMLA]] is almost completely ineffective against the [[pain]] of circumcision,<ref name="lander1997">{{LanderJ etal 1997}}</ref> however it reputedly is popular with ''mohelim''.


{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Abrahamic covenant]]
* [[Brit Milah]]
* [[Metzitzah b'peh]]
* [[Yitzhok Fischer]]
* [[Hershel Goldman]]
{{REF}}
{{REF}}
[[Category:Jewish]]
[[Category:Jewish]]
[[Category:Mohel]]
[[Category:Mohel]]
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