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  |last=Hartog
  |last=Hartog
  |first=Kelly
  |first=Kelly
|init=K
  |url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/community_briefs/article/death_spotlights_old_circumcision_rite_20050218
  |url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/community_briefs/article/death_spotlights_old_circumcision_rite_20050218
  |title=Death spotlights old circumcision rite
  |title=Death spotlights old circumcision rite
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  |date=2005-02-02
  |date=2005-02-02
  |accessdate=2015-02-02
  |accessdate=2015-02-02
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
}}</ref>
 
Holt (1913) reported tubercular ''mohels'' were transmitting tuberculosis to infant boys.<ref name="holt1913">{{REFjournal
|last=Holt
|init=LE
|author-link=L. Emmett Holt
|title=Tuberculosis acquired through ritual circumcision
|journal=JAMA
|date=1913-07-12
|volume=61
|issue=2
|pages=99-102
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/holt1/
|DOI=10.1001/jama.1913.0435002002501
|accessdate=2019-10-28
}}</ref>
 
The ancient practice (called ''[[Metzitzah b'peh]]'') infects baby boys with herpes.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Distel
  |last=Distel
  |first=R.
  |init=R
  |last2=Hofer
  |last2=Hofer
  |first2=V.
  |init2=V
  |last3=Bogger-Goren
  |last3=Bogger-Goren
  |first3=S.
  |init3=S
  |last4=Shalit
  |last4=Shalit
  |first4=I.
  |init4=I
  |last5=Garty
  |last5=Garty
  |first5=B.Z.
  |init5=BZ
  |title=Primary genital herpes simplex infection associated with Jewish ritual circumcision
  |title=Primary genital herpes simplex infection associated with Jewish ritual circumcision
  |journal=Isr Med Assoc J
  |journal=Isr Med Assoc J
Line 46: Line 64:
  |pages=516-517
  |pages=516-517
  |accessdate=2019-10-25
  |accessdate=2019-10-25
}}</ref> The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a warning in 2012 about the health implications of this practice, citing 11 cases of neonatal HSV and two recorded fatalities.<ref>{{REFjournal
}}</ref> The [https://www.cdc.gov/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] issued a warning in 2012 about the health implications of this practice, citing 11 cases of neonatal HSV and two recorded [[fatalities]].<ref>{{REFjournal
  |url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6122a2.htm
  |url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6122a2.htm
  |title=Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infection Following Jewish Ritual Circumcisions that Included Direct Orogenital Suction — New York City, 2000–2011
  |title=Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infection Following Jewish Ritual Circumcisions that Included Direct Orogenital Suction — New York City, 2000–2011
  |publisher=CDC
  |publisher=CDC
  |last=Baum
  |last=Baum
  |first=S.G.
  |init=SG
  |journal=Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
  |journal=Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
  |date=2012-06-08
  |date=2012-06-08
Line 59: Line 77:
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


A 2013 review of cases of neonatal [[Herpes simplex virus|HSV]] infections in Israel identified ritual circumcision as the source of HSV-1 transmission in 31.8% of the cases.<ref>{{REFjournal
A 2013 review of cases of neonatal [[Herpes]] infections in [[Israel]] identified ritual circumcision as the source of HSV-1 transmission in 31.8% of the cases.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Koren
  |first=Amir
  |first=Amir
  |last=Koren
  |init=A
  |etal=yes
  |etal=yes
  |url=http://failedmessiah.typepad.com/files/herpes-simplex-neonates-israel-7-cases-8-years-koren_nhsv_infections_israel_pid_2013.pdf
  |url=http://failedmessiah.typepad.com/files/herpes-simplex-neonates-israel-7-cases-8-years-koren_nhsv_infections_israel_pid_2013.pdf
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}}</ref>
}}</ref>


Urinary tract infection (UTI) is associated with ritual circumcision by a ''mohel''.<ref>{{REFjournal
[[Urinary tract infection]] (UTI) is associated with ritual circumcision by a ''mohel''.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Prais
  |last=Amir
  |first=D.
  |init=J
  |author-link=
  |etal=yes
  |last2=Shoov-Furman
  |url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/article-abstract/513140
  |first2=R.
  |title=Circumcision and Urinary Tract Infections in Infants
  |author2-link=
  |journal=Am J Dis Child
  |last3=Amir
  |date=1986
  |first3=J.
  |volume=140
  |author3-link=
  |page=1092
  |etal=no
}}</ref>
  |title=Is circumcision a risk factor for neonatal urinary tract infections?
 
  |journal=Arch Dis Child
Four New York baby boys have contracted ''herpes'' from the ''mohel'' in six months.<ref>{{REFnews
  |location=
  |title=4 NY babies get herpes from Jewish circumcision rite in past 6 months
  |date=2008
  |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/4-ny-babies-get-herpes-from-jewish-circumcision-rite-in-past-6-months/?fbclid=IwAR0Q8OYtpB_YUekqB2yktzIUlwc4DdceAnQQ2-SR8aKz71lFYtWCsWCjsck
  |volume=94
  |last=Oster
  |issue=3
  |first=Marcy
  |pages=191-4
  |coauthors=
  |url=https://adc.bmj.com/content/94/3/191.abstract
  |publisher=The Times of Israel
  |website=
  |date=2020-02-20
  |accessdate=2020-04-12
  |quote=
  |quote=
|pubmedID=18838417
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2008.144063
|accessdate=2019-10-24
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


</blockquote>
</blockquote>
==Pain==
[[EMLA]] cream topical anesthetic may be purchased without a prescription. [[EMLA]] is almost completely ineffective against the [[pain]] of circumcision,<ref name="lander1997">{{LanderJ etal 1997}}</ref> however it reputedly is popular with ''mohelim''.


{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Abrahamic covenant]]
* [[Brit Milah]]
* [[Metzitzah b'peh]]
* [[Yitzhok Fischer]]
* [[Hershel Goldman]]
{{REF}}
{{REF}}
[[Category:Jewish]]
[[Category:Jewish]]
[[Category:Mohel]]
[[Category:Mohel]]
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