Difference between revisions of "Frenulum of the foreskin"

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This article is work in progress and not yet part of the free encyclopedia IntactiWiki.
 
This article is work in progress and not yet part of the free encyclopedia IntactiWiki.
  
 
   
 
   
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The '''frenulum of the foreskin''', often known simply as the '''frenulum''', is an elastic band of tissue under the [[glans penis]] that connects the [[foreskin]] (prepuce) to the vernal mucosa, and helps contract the foreskin over the glans.<ref>{{cite book|last=Jensen|first=Christian|title=Can I Just Ask?|year=2011|publisher=Hay House|isbn=9781848502468|page=58}}</ref> The frenular artery passes through the frenulum.
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The '''frenulum of the foreskin''', often known simply as the '''frenulum''', is an elastic band of tissue under the [[glans penis]] that connects the [[foreskin]] (prepuce) to the vernal mucosa, and helps contract the foreskin over the glans.<ref>{{cite book|last=Jensen|first=Christian|title=Can I Just Ask?|year=2011|publisher=Hay House|isbn=9781848502468|page=58}}</ref>
 
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In the event of [[frenulum breve]] or frenular chordee, or to ensure that the glans can be freely and completely exposed, the frenulum may be partially or totally removed. It is also often removed in a [[circumcision]].<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=2305537 |year=1990 |last1=Griffin |first1=AS |last2=Kroovand |title=Frenular chordee: implications and treatment |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=133–4 |journal=Urology |doi=10.1016/0090-4295(90)80060-Z |first2=R. }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |pmid=10733391 |doi=10.1542/peds.105.3.681 |year=2000 |last1=Preiser |first1=G |title=Circumcision--the debates goes on |volume=105 |issue=3 Pt 1 |pages=681–684 |journal=Pediatrics |first2=M. |first3=T. |first4=C. |first5=S. A. |first6=R. J. |first7=B. |first8=S. A. |first9=F. M. |last2=Herschel; |last3=Bartman; |last4=Andersson; |last5=Bailis; |last6=Shechet |last7=Tanenbaum; |last8=Kunin; |last9=Hodges |last10=Fleiss; |first10=P. M. |last11=Antonopoulos; |first11=J. |last12=Rockney |first12=R. |last13=Taylor; |first13=A. |last14=Stang |first14=H. |last15=Snellman |first15=L. |last16=Fontaine |first16=P. |last17=Condon; |first17=L. M. |last18=Lannon |first18=C. M.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Neonatal Circumcision: An Audiovisual Primer  |publisher=Stanford School of Medicine |url=http://newborns.stanford.edu/Circumcision.html}}</ref>
 
  
 
==Sensitivity==
 
==Sensitivity==
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The frenulum and the associated tissue delta on the underside of the [[human penis|penis]] below the [[Corona of glans penis|corona]] has been described in sexuality textbooks as "very reactive" and "particularly responsive to touch that is light and soft".  The "underside of the shaft of the penis, meaning the part below the corona" is a "source of distinct pleasure".<ref name="hass1993">{{cite book |last1=Hass |first1=K. |last2=Hass |first2=A. |title=Understanding Sexuality |location=St Louis |publisher=Mosby |year=1993 |pages=99–100|isbn=0801667488|url=https://books.google.com/?id=snhqAAAAMAAJ&dq=Understanding+Sexuality.&q=frenulum#search_anchor}}</ref> Crooks and Baur observe that two extremely sensitive specific locations that many men find particularly responsive to stimulation are the corona, and the frenulum.<ref name="crooks1993">{{cite book |last1=Crooks |first1=R. |last2=Baur |first2=K. |title=Our Sexuality |edition=5th |location=Redwood City |publisher=Benjamin/Cummings |year=1993 |page=129 |isbn=0-534-59567-7}}</ref> Repeated stimulation of this structure will cause orgasm and ejaculation in some men.
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The frenulum and the associated tissue delta on the underside of the [[penis]] below the corona has been described in sexuality textbooks as "very reactive" and "particularly responsive to touch that is light and soft".  The "underside of the shaft of the penis, meaning the part below the corona" is a "source of distinct pleasure".<ref name="hass1993">{{cite book |last1=Hass |first1=K. |last2=Hass |first2=A. |title=Understanding Sexuality |location=St Louis |publisher=Mosby |year=1993 |pages=99–100|isbn=0801667488|url=https://books.google.com/?id=snhqAAAAMAAJ&dq=Understanding+Sexuality.&q=frenulum#search_anchor}}</ref> Crooks and Baur observe that two extremely sensitive specific locations that many men find particularly responsive to stimulation are the corona, and the frenulum.<ref name="crooks1993">{{cite book |last1=Crooks |first1=R. |last2=Baur |first2=K. |title=Our Sexuality |edition=5th |location=Redwood City |publisher=Benjamin/Cummings |year=1993 |page=129 |isbn=0-534-59567-7}}</ref> Repeated stimulation of this structure will cause orgasm and ejaculation in some men.
  
 
In men with spinal cord injury preventing sensations from reaching the brain, the frenulum just below the glans can be stimulated to produce orgasm and peri-ejaculatory response.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Rehabilitation of Persons With Spinal Cord Injuries |first=Michael F. |last=Saulino |publisher=WebMD |year=2006 |url=http://www.emedicine.com/orthoped/topic425.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |pmid=7811177 |doi=10.1016/S0003-9993(95)80044-1 |year=1995 |last1=Pryor |first1=JL |last2=Leroy |last3=Nagel |last4=Hensleigh |title=Vibratory stimulation for treatment of anejaculation in quadriplegic men |volume=76 |issue=1 |pages=59–64 |journal=Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation |first2=Suzanne C. |first3=Theodore C. |first4=Hugh C. }}</ref>
 
In men with spinal cord injury preventing sensations from reaching the brain, the frenulum just below the glans can be stimulated to produce orgasm and peri-ejaculatory response.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Rehabilitation of Persons With Spinal Cord Injuries |first=Michael F. |last=Saulino |publisher=WebMD |year=2006 |url=http://www.emedicine.com/orthoped/topic425.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |pmid=7811177 |doi=10.1016/S0003-9993(95)80044-1 |year=1995 |last1=Pryor |first1=JL |last2=Leroy |last3=Nagel |last4=Hensleigh |title=Vibratory stimulation for treatment of anejaculation in quadriplegic men |volume=76 |issue=1 |pages=59–64 |journal=Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation |first2=Suzanne C. |first3=Theodore C. |first4=Hugh C. }}</ref>
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It is possible for the frenulum to tear during sexual activities. The frenular artery, a branch of the [[Dorsal artery of the penis|dorsal artery]], may be severed, causing significant bleeding.
 
It is possible for the frenulum to tear during sexual activities. The frenular artery, a branch of the [[Dorsal artery of the penis|dorsal artery]], may be severed, causing significant bleeding.
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In the event of [[frenulum breve]] or frenular chordee, or to ensure that the glans can be freely and completely exposed, the frenulum may be partially or totally removed. It is also often removed in a [[circumcision]].<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=2305537 |year=1990 |last1=Griffin |first1=AS |last2=Kroovand |title=Frenular chordee: implications and treatment |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=133–4 |journal=Urology |doi=10.1016/0090-4295(90)80060-Z |first2=R. }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |pmid=10733391 |doi=10.1542/peds.105.3.681 |year=2000 |last1=Preiser |first1=G |title=Circumcision--the debates goes on |volume=105 |issue=3 Pt 1 |pages=681–684 |journal=Pediatrics |first2=M. |first3=T. |first4=C. |first5=S. A. |first6=R. J. |first7=B. |first8=S. A. |first9=F. M. |last2=Herschel; |last3=Bartman; |last4=Andersson; |last5=Bailis; |last6=Shechet |last7=Tanenbaum; |last8=Kunin; |last9=Hodges |last10=Fleiss; |first10=P. M. |last11=Antonopoulos; |first11=J. |last12=Rockney |first12=R. |last13=Taylor; |first13=A. |last14=Stang |first14=H. |last15=Snellman |first15=L. |last16=Fontaine |first16=P. |last17=Condon; |first17=L. M. |last18=Lannon |first18=C. M.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Neonatal Circumcision: An Audiovisual Primer  |publisher=Stanford School of Medicine |url=http://newborns.stanford.edu/Circumcision.html}}</ref>
  
 
==Penis frenectomy==
 
==Penis frenectomy==
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==See also==
 
==See also==
 
* [[Ridged band]]
 
* [[Ridged band]]
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* [[Frenum piercing]]
 
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* [[Perineal raphe]]
 
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* [[Frenuloplasty of prepuce of penis]]
 
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==References==
 
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{{Reflist|2}}
 
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
 
{{Commons category}}
 
{{Commons category}}
 
*{{cite book |first=Ken |last=McGrath |chapter=The Frenular Delta |year=2001 |editor=Denniston GC |editor2=Hodges FM |editor3=Milos MF |title=Understanding Circumcision: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to a Multi-Dimensional Problem |location=New York |isbn=978-0306467011|publisher=Kluwer}}
 
*{{cite book |first=Ken |last=McGrath |chapter=The Frenular Delta |year=2001 |editor=Denniston GC |editor2=Hodges FM |editor3=Milos MF |title=Understanding Circumcision: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to a Multi-Dimensional Problem |location=New York |isbn=978-0306467011|publisher=Kluwer}}
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{{REF}}
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{{Male reproductive system}}
 
{{Male reproductive system}}
 
{{Authority control}}
 
{{Authority control}}

Revision as of 02:23, 1 October 2019

Construction Site

This article is work in progress and not yet part of the free encyclopedia IntactiWiki.

 

This article is work in progress and not yet part of the free encyclopedia IntactiWiki.


The frenulum of the foreskin, often known simply as the frenulum, is an elastic band of tissue under the glans penis that connects the foreskin (prepuce) to the vernal mucosa, and helps contract the foreskin over the glans.[1] The frenular artery passes through the frenulum.

Sensitivity

The frenulum and the associated tissue delta on the underside of the penis below the corona has been described in sexuality textbooks as "very reactive" and "particularly responsive to touch that is light and soft". The "underside of the shaft of the penis, meaning the part below the corona" is a "source of distinct pleasure".[2] Crooks and Baur observe that two extremely sensitive specific locations that many men find particularly responsive to stimulation are the corona, and the frenulum.[3] Repeated stimulation of this structure will cause orgasm and ejaculation in some men.

In men with spinal cord injury preventing sensations from reaching the brain, the frenulum just below the glans can be stimulated to produce orgasm and peri-ejaculatory response.[4][5]

Pathology

Frenulum breve is a condition in which the frenulum is short and restricts the movement of the foreskin, which may or may not interfere with normal sexual activity. The condition can be treated by frenuloplasty, frenectomy, or circumcision. Frenulum breve may contribute to frenular chordee, where the glans is pulled toward the vernal body of the penis. Frenulum breve may also be treated by manually expanding the shaft skin by stretching. [This information needs a citation or reference.]

The frenulum may be entirely missing in cases of first degree hypospadias.

It is possible for the frenulum to tear during sexual activities. The frenular artery, a branch of the dorsal artery, may be severed, causing significant bleeding.

In the event of frenulum breve or frenular chordee, or to ensure that the glans can be freely and completely exposed, the frenulum may be partially or totally removed. It is also often removed in a circumcision.[6][7][8]

Penis frenectomy

A frenectomy can be performed to remove the frenulum from the penis, which is a treatment for frenulum breve or frenular chordee.[9] This is a form of genital frenectomy. The frenulum may be cut when a male is circumcised. This may also reduce the size of the frenular delta. The frenulum was reported to be cut in 26.7%, 20%, and 33.33% of circumcised patients in various surveys.[9][10]

  • Frenulum stretched view.

  • Frenulum divided by frenuloplasty during circumcision.

  • Human frenulum preputii penis and frenular delta location

  • A human frenulum of prepuce of penis displaying frenular chordee.

  • Part of frenulum unremoved after adult circumcision.

  • A removed frenulum preputii penis after a frenectomy

  • Frenulum remnant and scar from a Gomco clamp circumcision of a 34 year old male

    Frenulum remnant and scar from a Gomco clamp circumcision of a 34 year old male

See also

External links

Template:Commons category

References

  1. ↑ Template:Cite book
  2. ↑ Template:Cite book
  3. ↑ Template:Cite book
  4. ↑ As a substitute for the Wikipedia [Template:cite journal], please use Template:REFjournal on the IntactiWiki.
  5. ↑ As a substitute for the Wikipedia [Template:cite journal], please use Template:REFjournal on the IntactiWiki.
  6. ↑ As a substitute for the Wikipedia [Template:cite journal], please use Template:REFjournal on the IntactiWiki.
  7. ↑ As a substitute for the Wikipedia [Template:cite journal], please use Template:REFjournal on the IntactiWiki.
  8. ↑ Template:Cite web
  9. ↑ a b As a substitute for the Wikipedia [Template:cite journal], please use Template:REFjournal on the IntactiWiki.
  10. ↑ As a substitute for the Wikipedia [Template:cite journal], please use Template:REFjournal on the IntactiWiki.


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