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Alleged reasons for circumcision: Difference between revisions

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  |accessdate=
  |accessdate=
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* masturbation (females) - 1918 Belle Eskridge<ref name="Eskridge1918">{{REFjournal
* [[masturbation]] (females) - 1918 Belle Eskridge<ref name="Eskridge1918">{{REFjournal
  |last=Eskridge
  |last=Eskridge
  |first=Belle C.
  |first=Belle C.
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  |pages=17-19
  |pages=17-19
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* masturbation (males) - 1891: [[Jonathan Hutchinson]]<ref name="Hutchinson1891">{{REFjournal
* [[masturbation]] (males) - 1891: [[Jonathan Hutchinson]]<ref name="Hutchinson1891">{{REFjournal
  |last=Hutchinson
  |last=Hutchinson
  |first=Jonathan
  |first=Jonathan
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  |accessdate=
  |accessdate=
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* masturbation (newborns) - 1953: R.L. Miller and D.C. Snyder<ref name="MillerSnyder1953">{{REFjournal
* [[masturbation]] (newborns) - 1953: R.L. Miller and D.C. Snyder<ref name="MillerSnyder1953">{{REFjournal
  |last=Miller
  |last=Miller
  |init=RL
  |init=RL
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In 1966, Masters and Johnson erroneous claim that there is no difference in sensitivity between penises with and without foreskin.
In 1966, Masters and Johnson erroneous claim that there is no difference in sensitivity between penises with and without foreskin.
 
: ({{NOTE}} Their work helps propagate the medical dogma that circumcision has no effect on sexuality go practically unquestioned for nearly the next four decades.)<ref name="MastersJohnson1966">{{REFbook
({{NOTE}} Their work helps propagate the medical dogma that circumcision has no effect on sexuality go practically unquestioned for nearly the next four decades.)<ref name="MastersJohnson1966">{{REFbook
  |last=Masters and Johnson
  |last=Masters and Johnson
  |year=1966
  |year=1966
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  |pages=1109-1113
  |pages=1109-1113
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* eye problems believed to be caused by masturbation - 1881: Maximillian Landesburg<ref name="Landesburg1881">{{REFjournal
* eye problems believed to be caused by [[masturbation]] - 1881: Maximillian Landesburg<ref name="Landesburg1881">{{REFjournal
  |last=Landesburg
  |last=Landesburg
  |first=Maximillian
  |first=Maximillian
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  |pages=1-11
  |pages=1-11
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* masturbation (newborns) - 1953: R.L. Miller and D.C. Snyder<ref name="MillerSnyder1953"/>
* [[masturbation]] (newborns) - 1953: R.L. Miller and D.C. Snyder<ref name="MillerSnyder1953"/>
* neuroses (females) - 1915: Benjamin E. Dawson<ref name="Dawson1915">{{REFjournal
* neuroses (females) - 1915: Benjamin E. Dawson<ref name="Dawson1915">{{REFjournal
  |last=Dawson
  |last=Dawson
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== Prevention ==
== Prevention ==
* AIDS - 1986: Aaron J. Fink<ref name="Fink1986">{{REFjournal
* AIDS - 1986: [[Aaron J. Fink]]<ref name="Fink1986">{{REFjournal
  |last=Fink
  |last=Fink
  |first=Aaron J.
  |first=Aaron J.
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  |issue=18
  |issue=18
  |page=1167
  |page=1167
}}</ref>, 2003: Edgar J. Schoen<ref name="Schoen2003">{{REFjournal
}}</ref>, 2003: [[Edgar J. Schoen]]<ref name="Schoen2003">{{REFjournal
  |last=Schoen
  |last=Schoen
  |first=Edgar J.
  |first=Edgar J.
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  |first=Abraham
  |first=Abraham
  |init=A
  |init=A
  |author-link=Abraham Ravich
  |#author-link=Abraham Ravich
  |title=Viral carcinogenesis in venereally susceptible organs
  |title=Viral carcinogenesis in venereally susceptible organs
  |journal=Cancer
  |journal=Cancer
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  |pages=341-346
  |pages=341-346
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* cervical cancer in women - 1951: Abraham Ravich<ref name="Ravich1951">{{REFjournal
* [[cervical cancer]] (women) - 1951: Abraham Ravich<ref name="Ravich1951">{{REFjournal
  |last=Ravich
  |last=Ravich
  |first=Abraham
  |first=Abraham
  |init=A
  |init=A
  |author-link=Abraham Ravich
  |#author-link=Abraham Ravich
  |title=Prophylaxis of cancer of the prostate, penis, and cervix by circumcision
  |title=Prophylaxis of cancer of the prostate, penis, and cervix by circumcision
  |journal=New York State Journal of Medicine
  |journal=New York State Journal of Medicine
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  |first=Ernest L.
  |first=Ernest L.
  |init=EL
  |init=EL
  |author-link=Ernest L. Wynder
  |#author-link=Ernest L. Wynder
  |title=A study of environmental factors of carcinoma of the cervix
  |title=A study of environmental factors of carcinoma of the cervix
  |journal=American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
  |journal=American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
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}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* HIV (in women after FGM) - 2005: R.Y. Stallings<ref name="Stallings2005"/>
* HIV (in women after FGM) - 2005: R.Y. Stallings<ref name="Stallings2005"/>
* HIV 'vaccine' - 2007: Robert C. Bailey<ref name="Bailey2007">{{REFjournal
* HIV 'vaccine' - 2007: [[Robert C. Bailey]]<ref name="Bailey2007">{{REFjournal
  |last=Bailey
  |last=Bailey
  |first=Robert C.
  |first=Robert C.
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  |pages=643-656
  |pages=643-656
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* inchastity - 1935: R.W. Cockshut<ref name="Cockshut1935">{{REFjournal
* inchastity - 1935: [[R. W. Cockshut]]<ref name="Cockshut1935">{{REFjournal
  |last=Cockshut
  |last=Cockshut
  |init=RW
  |init=RW
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  |issue=4
  |issue=4
  |pages=368-374
  |pages=368-374
}}</ref>, 1888: John Harvey Kellogg (as punishment)<ref name="Kellogg1888">{{REFbook
}}</ref>, 1888: [[John Harvey Kellogg]] (as punishment)<ref name="Kellogg1888">{{REFbook
  |last=Kellogg
  |last=Kellogg
  |first=John Harvey
  |first=John Harvey
|author-link=John Harvey Kellogg
  |year=1888
  |year=1888
  |title=Plain Facts for Old and Young.
  |title=Plain Facts for Old and Young
  |url=http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/toc/modeng/public/KelPlai.html
  |url=http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/toc/modeng/public/KelPlai.html
  |editor=Project Gutenberg
  |editor=Project Gutenberg
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  |publisher=Doubleday & Co
  |publisher=Doubleday & Co
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* neonatal group B streptococcal disease - 1988: Aaron J. Fink<ref name="Fink1988">{{REFjournal
* neonatal group B streptococcal disease - 1988: [[Aaron J. Fink]]<ref name="Fink1988">{{REFjournal
  |last=Fink
  |last=Fink
  |first=Aaron J.
  |first=Aaron J.
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}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* nervousness - 1969: Morris Fishbein<ref name="Fishbein1969"/>
* nervousness - 1969: Morris Fishbein<ref name="Fishbein1969"/>
* penile cancer - 1926: Abraham L. Wolbarst<ref name="Wolbarst1926">{{REFjournal
* [[penile cancer]] - 1926: [[Abraham L. Wolbarst]]<ref name="Wolbarst1926">{{REFjournal
  |last=Wolbarst
  |last=Wolbarst
  |first=Abraham L.
  |first=Abraham L.
  |init=AL
  |init=AL
|author-link=Abraham L. Wolbarst
  |title=Is circumcision a prophylactic against penis cancer?
  |title=Is circumcision a prophylactic against penis cancer?
  |journal=Cancer
  |journal=Cancer
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  |pages=129-131
  |pages=129-131
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* prostate cancer - 1942: Abraham Ravich<ref name="Ravich1942">{{REFjournal
* [[prostate cancer]] - 1942: Abraham Ravich<ref name="Ravich1942">{{REFjournal
  |last=Ravich
  |last=Ravich
  |first=Abraham
  |first=Abraham
  |init=A
  |init=A
  |author-link=Abraham Ravich
  |#author-link=Abraham Ravich
  |title=The relationship of circumcision to cancer of the prostate
  |title=The relationship of circumcision to cancer of the prostate
  |journal=Journal of Urology
  |journal=Journal of Urology
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  |pages=298-299
  |pages=298-299
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* raping whites - 1894: P.C. Remondino (for Blacks)<ref name="Remondino1894">{{REFjournal
* raping whites - 1894: [[Peter Charles Remondino|P.C. Remondino]] (for Blacks)<ref name="Remondino1894">{{REFjournal
  |last=Remondino
  |last=Remondino
  |init=PC
  |init=PC
|author-link=Peter Charles Remondino
  |title=Negro rapes and their social problems
  |title=Negro rapes and their social problems
  |journal=National Popular Review
  |journal=National Popular Review
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  |pages=3-6
  |pages=3-6
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* sand from getting into the soldiers' foreskins - 1991: Aaron J. Fink<ref name="Fink1991">{{REFjournal
* sand from getting into the soldiers' [[foreskin]]s - 1991: [[Aaron J. Fink]]<ref name="Fink1991">{{REFjournal
  |last=Fink
  |last=Fink
  |first=Aaron J.
  |first=Aaron J.
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  |page=696
  |page=696
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* sensitivity - 1935: R.W. Cockshut, 1941: Allan F. Guttmacher<ref name="Guttmacher1941"/>
* sensitivity - 1935: [[R. W. Cockshut]]<ref name="Cockshut1935"/>, 1941: Allan F. Guttmacher<ref name="Guttmacher1941"/>
* sexual immorality - 1900: [[Jonathan Hutchinson]]<ref name="Hutchinson1900"/>
* sexual immorality - 1900: [[Jonathan Hutchinson]]<ref name="Hutchinson1900"/>
* spinal paralysis - 1870: [[Lewis Albert Sayre|Lewis A. Sayre]]<ref name="Sayre 1870 spinal paralysis">{{REFjournal
* spinal paralysis - 1870: [[Lewis Albert Sayre|Lewis A. Sayre]]<ref name="Sayre 1870 spinal paralysis">{{REFjournal
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  |accessdate=2021-09-04
  |accessdate=2021-09-04
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* UTI (urinary tract infections) - 1985: Thomas E. Wiswell<ref name="Wiswell1985">{{REFjournal
* [[UTI]] ([[urinary tract infection]]s) - 1985: [[Thomas E. Wiswell]]<ref name="Wiswell1985">{{REFjournal
  |last=Wiswell
  |last=Wiswell
  |first=Thomas E.
  |first=Thomas E.
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  |pages=901-3
  |pages=901-3
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
* tuberculosis - 1914: Abraham L. Wolbarst<ref name="Wolbarst1914">{{REFjournal
* tuberculosis - 1914: [[Abraham L. Wolbarst]]<ref name="Wolbarst1914">{{REFjournal
  |last=Wolbarst
  |last=Wolbarst
  |first=Abraham L.
  |first=Abraham L.
  |init=AL
  |init=AL
|author-link=Abraham L. Wolbarst
  |title=Universal circumcision as a sanitary measure
  |title=Universal circumcision as a sanitary measure
  |journal=Journal of the American Medical Association
  |journal=Journal of the American Medical Association
Line 550: Line 553:
{{REF}}
{{REF}}


[[Category:
[[Category:Medical conditions]]
[[Category:Penile disorders]]
[[Category:Penile function]]
[[Category:Penile illness]]
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